1 00:00:09,089 --> 00:00:06,180 [Music] 2 00:00:13,910 --> 00:00:09,099 welcome to the skeptic zone the podcast 3 00:00:16,840 --> 00:00:13,920 from Australia for science and reason 4 00:00:22,350 --> 00:00:16,850 [Applause] 5 00:00:25,440 --> 00:00:22,360 [Music] 6 00:00:30,460 --> 00:00:25,450 yes it's the skeptic zone episode number 7 00:00:32,050 --> 00:00:30,470 453 for the 25th of June 2017 8 00:00:35,950 --> 00:00:32,060 richardsaunders here with you from the 9 00:00:37,150 --> 00:00:35,960 Bay Area San Francisco where it's balmy 10 00:00:39,420 --> 00:00:37,160 weather Wow 11 00:00:41,470 --> 00:00:39,430 had a heat wave over the last few days 12 00:00:44,740 --> 00:00:41,480 yes it's a bit of a shock to the system 13 00:00:47,320 --> 00:00:44,750 to come out of a wintry cold rainy 14 00:00:49,720 --> 00:00:47,330 Sydney 2:00 a.m. heat wave California 15 00:00:52,960 --> 00:00:49,730 and thank you to those people who are 16 00:00:55,119 --> 00:00:52,970 worried about my health with my recent 17 00:00:56,500 --> 00:00:55,129 attack of shingles and then nasty chest 18 00:00:59,259 --> 00:00:56,510 infection 19 00:01:01,930 --> 00:00:59,269 it didn't make flying over the Pacific a 20 00:01:04,360 --> 00:01:01,940 lot of fun but thank goodness for good 21 00:01:06,070 --> 00:01:04,370 friends like dr. eugenie Scott who 22 00:01:09,730 --> 00:01:06,080 helped me out when I reach to the other 23 00:01:11,680 --> 00:01:09,740 end and speaking of dr. eugenie Scott 24 00:01:15,030 --> 00:01:11,690 this week a bit later on in the show 25 00:01:19,450 --> 00:01:15,040 we're going to be collecting honey 26 00:01:22,810 --> 00:01:19,460 collecting honey with Eugenie Scott this 27 00:01:25,270 --> 00:01:22,820 should be a book about it I was lucky 28 00:01:28,029 --> 00:01:25,280 enough to visit Jeanie in Berkeley in 29 00:01:29,800 --> 00:01:28,039 California and in her backyard there are 30 00:01:33,399 --> 00:01:29,810 a couple of bee hives and we collect 31 00:01:35,109 --> 00:01:33,409 honey it's a different I'll give you 32 00:01:38,620 --> 00:01:35,119 that it's a different report coming up a 33 00:01:40,749 --> 00:01:38,630 bit later on in the show but before we 34 00:01:44,469 --> 00:01:40,759 do that to kick off the show I go 35 00:01:46,840 --> 00:01:44,479 downtown here in San Francisco and visit 36 00:01:48,639 --> 00:01:46,850 the Exploratorium the science outreach 37 00:01:52,630 --> 00:01:48,649 museum well I don't know if you'd call 38 00:01:57,669 --> 00:01:52,640 it a museum exactly it's a yeah it's a 39 00:02:00,580 --> 00:01:57,679 vast interactive series of exhibits it's 40 00:02:04,599 --> 00:02:00,590 very famous and I have a chat and a 41 00:02:06,849 --> 00:02:04,609 private tour with Paul Doherty who you 42 00:02:09,580 --> 00:02:06,859 may remember some weeks ago I 43 00:02:11,980 --> 00:02:09,590 interviewed Paul about his book and then 44 00:02:14,860 --> 00:02:11,990 you did a scientific exploration of the 45 00:02:17,530 --> 00:02:14,870 world's most interesting ways to die and 46 00:02:21,240 --> 00:02:17,540 he co-authored that with Cody Cassidy I 47 00:02:24,700 --> 00:02:21,250 I have the book right here with me and 48 00:02:26,590 --> 00:02:24,710 it's now autographed and in fact we'll 49 00:02:28,900 --> 00:02:26,600 be having a competition soon or a prize 50 00:02:31,600 --> 00:02:28,910 or a giveaway where that book is 51 00:02:32,670 --> 00:02:31,610 the the prize more about that in the 52 00:02:35,220 --> 00:02:32,680 coming weeks when I think 53 00:02:39,149 --> 00:02:35,230 what to do anyway they kick off the show 54 00:02:41,910 --> 00:02:39,159 a tour of the Exploratorium and a chat 55 00:02:46,949 --> 00:02:41,920 to Paul about the important work they do 56 00:02:49,800 --> 00:02:46,959 there in educating science teachers also 57 00:02:52,770 --> 00:02:49,810 this week as usual it's brouhaha science 58 00:02:55,440 --> 00:02:52,780 from Australia science TV this week Ben 59 00:02:58,289 --> 00:02:55,450 Lewis talks to us about our flying 60 00:03:00,209 --> 00:02:58,299 carbon footprint our flying carbon 61 00:03:03,509 --> 00:03:00,219 footprint uh you'll understand a bit 62 00:03:05,580 --> 00:03:03,519 later on now there's not much more for 63 00:03:08,819 --> 00:03:05,590 me to say at the moment so I'm going to 64 00:03:11,879 --> 00:03:08,829 run upstairs I'm going to have a nice 65 00:03:15,899 --> 00:03:11,889 toasty bagel with some melted butter on 66 00:03:18,479 --> 00:03:15,909 top and I'm going to sprinkle that or 67 00:03:21,030 --> 00:03:18,489 drizzle that with a jar of honey well 68 00:03:24,149 --> 00:03:21,040 not the whole jar of some honey from a 69 00:03:26,599 --> 00:03:24,159 honey jar given to me by dr. eugenie 70 00:03:30,300 --> 00:03:26,609 Scott and you'll find out that adventure 71 00:03:32,250 --> 00:03:30,310 soon soon enough but while I munch that 72 00:03:33,930 --> 00:03:32,260 delicious bagel down I hope you enjoy 73 00:03:49,210 --> 00:03:33,940 the skeptic zone 74 00:04:04,730 --> 00:03:49,220 [Music] 75 00:04:21,210 --> 00:04:18,539 three one two three drink now listeners 76 00:04:22,460 --> 00:04:21,220 may be confused about this strange thing 77 00:04:24,990 --> 00:04:22,470 we're doing here were actually 78 00:04:26,909 --> 00:04:25,000 Exploratorium here in San Francisco and 79 00:04:28,680 --> 00:04:26,919 I'm with dr. Paul Doherty hello hello 80 00:04:30,000 --> 00:04:28,690 it's nice to be here Richard it's 81 00:04:32,040 --> 00:04:30,010 wonderful to be here in fact the 82 00:04:34,370 --> 00:04:32,050 listeners will remember we had a chat a 83 00:04:36,960 --> 00:04:34,380 few weeks ago when we're discussing your 84 00:04:39,210 --> 00:04:36,970 fascinating book about the ridiculous 85 00:04:41,070 --> 00:04:39,220 waste entire Hall that write the science 86 00:04:43,140 --> 00:04:41,080 behind the world's most interesting ways 87 00:04:45,450 --> 00:04:43,150 to die it's the one titled and then 88 00:04:47,370 --> 00:04:45,460 you're dead and then you did yeah which 89 00:04:49,409 --> 00:04:47,380 I have a copy with me but we'll get to 90 00:04:52,680 --> 00:04:49,419 that soon and we just buy this little 91 00:04:55,200 --> 00:04:52,690 display here let's give you a partner a 92 00:04:57,330 --> 00:04:55,210 sip or a squirt right and it's an 93 00:04:59,520 --> 00:04:57,340 interesting idea of adventure in the 94 00:05:01,620 --> 00:04:59,530 psyche psychology really that's right 95 00:05:04,560 --> 00:05:01,630 it's a social science experiment it's a 96 00:05:07,170 --> 00:05:04,570 classic and it turns out you can choose 97 00:05:09,330 --> 00:05:07,180 to give your partner a sip of water or a 98 00:05:12,210 --> 00:05:09,340 squirt in the face and they choose the 99 00:05:14,219 --> 00:05:12,220 same for you if you both choose sip you 100 00:05:17,550 --> 00:05:14,229 both get a sip of water if you both 101 00:05:20,640 --> 00:05:17,560 choose squirt you get nothing but if one 102 00:05:22,380 --> 00:05:20,650 chooses sip and one chooses squirt one 103 00:05:24,180 --> 00:05:22,390 of you gets a sip and the other one gets 104 00:05:26,219 --> 00:05:24,190 squirted in the face and just yet what 105 00:05:29,400 --> 00:05:26,229 you just heard was a couple of women and 106 00:05:30,630 --> 00:05:29,410 they chose sip and squirt and one woman 107 00:05:33,060 --> 00:05:30,640 got a drink and the other one got 108 00:05:35,730 --> 00:05:33,070 squirted in the face and she reacted by 109 00:05:37,560 --> 00:05:35,740 saying you just squirted me so who can 110 00:05:39,840 --> 00:05:37,570 you trust we got some more volunteers 111 00:05:40,740 --> 00:05:39,850 ready to give this a go try it now 112 00:05:43,590 --> 00:05:40,750 they're walking up now 113 00:05:44,940 --> 00:05:43,600 what our main friends so the two 114 00:05:46,749 --> 00:05:44,950 gentlemen are sitting down now they're 115 00:05:48,909 --> 00:05:46,759 going to choose so you can 116 00:05:50,950 --> 00:05:48,919 press any button sip or squirt and 117 00:05:52,510 --> 00:05:50,960 that's what they're going to get so go 118 00:05:55,390 --> 00:05:52,520 ahead and pick what you're going to give 119 00:05:57,899 --> 00:05:55,400 the other person please lower your head 120 00:06:06,309 --> 00:05:57,909 and take a drink on the count of three 121 00:06:08,559 --> 00:06:06,319 one two three three so you got the 122 00:06:09,369 --> 00:06:08,569 squirt and you got the sip there you go 123 00:06:14,679 --> 00:06:09,379 nice 124 00:06:17,769 --> 00:06:14,689 there a lesson in life here there could 125 00:06:19,779 --> 00:06:17,779 be what that's a fun display yes but the 126 00:06:22,989 --> 00:06:19,789 whole idea of the Exploratorium and and 127 00:06:24,279 --> 00:06:22,999 I came to this institution many years 128 00:06:27,189 --> 00:06:24,289 ago when it was over the Palace of Fine 129 00:06:29,260 --> 00:06:27,199 Arts yes so it's wonderful to see it 130 00:06:31,629 --> 00:06:29,270 close to the downtown San Francisco oh 131 00:06:34,540 --> 00:06:31,639 yes in fact so a three years ago we 132 00:06:36,879 --> 00:06:34,550 moved the city the other building needed 133 00:06:38,170 --> 00:06:36,889 a lot of repair and the city offered us 134 00:06:40,499 --> 00:06:38,180 this building which needed even more 135 00:06:43,989 --> 00:06:40,509 repair but it's in such a great location 136 00:06:46,659 --> 00:06:43,999 it's in a 70 year old pier and we 137 00:06:49,149 --> 00:06:46,669 essentially reinforced these pilings 138 00:06:51,879 --> 00:06:49,159 under the pier 1,800 pilings had to be 139 00:06:54,070 --> 00:06:51,889 reinforced and then we restructured the 140 00:06:55,929 --> 00:06:54,080 building and as you look around you 141 00:06:59,589 --> 00:06:55,939 you'll see it's this where it's this 142 00:07:01,959 --> 00:06:59,599 giant warehouse full of exhibits 600 143 00:07:03,249 --> 00:07:01,969 exhibits allowing people to interact 144 00:07:05,709 --> 00:07:03,259 with and learn a little bit about 145 00:07:08,439 --> 00:07:05,719 different concepts and science it's it's 146 00:07:11,079 --> 00:07:08,449 a dream come true for a science educator 147 00:07:15,219 --> 00:07:11,089 really is so what I'm doing here right 148 00:07:17,139 --> 00:07:15,229 now is I have twenty high school science 149 00:07:19,239 --> 00:07:17,149 teachers in a class that come here for 150 00:07:22,689 --> 00:07:19,249 three weeks and learn how to use 151 00:07:25,179 --> 00:07:22,699 exhibits to excite to get to make their 152 00:07:28,239 --> 00:07:25,189 science classes interesting relevant fun 153 00:07:30,159 --> 00:07:28,249 and correct it's a wonderland of 154 00:07:32,239 --> 00:07:30,169 interaction in this place I must say now 155 00:07:34,789 --> 00:07:32,249 like 156 00:07:36,979 --> 00:07:34,799 to wonder what is going on here oh hello 157 00:07:39,039 --> 00:07:36,989 there are people sitting down a little 158 00:07:42,139 --> 00:07:39,049 count little displays here beating away 159 00:07:43,909 --> 00:07:42,149 yes and some of them they have a red 160 00:07:46,669 --> 00:07:43,919 button and a blue button like the red 161 00:07:49,219 --> 00:07:46,679 pill on the blue pill of notorious movie 162 00:07:51,109 --> 00:07:49,229 and there's us counter up there on the 163 00:07:52,639 --> 00:07:51,119 wall telling how many times the red has 164 00:07:55,729 --> 00:07:52,649 been hit and how many times the blue has 165 00:07:59,689 --> 00:07:55,739 been hit and they can they can compete 166 00:08:01,569 --> 00:07:59,699 or cooperate and so in this section of 167 00:08:06,229 --> 00:08:01,579 the museum we do a lot of studies of 168 00:08:07,969 --> 00:08:06,239 cooperation versus competition the kids 169 00:08:09,159 --> 00:08:07,979 they're a couple of kids really doing at 170 00:08:11,299 --> 00:08:09,169 the moment they're having a great time 171 00:08:12,979 --> 00:08:11,309 having fun they're having fun and 172 00:08:16,039 --> 00:08:12,989 there's a big counter telling me telling 173 00:08:17,509 --> 00:08:16,049 how many times it's been struck and I'm 174 00:08:19,489 --> 00:08:17,519 really impressed about this place 175 00:08:22,100 --> 00:08:19,499 because there are many reasons but it 176 00:08:24,649 --> 00:08:22,110 just goes on and on on into the distance 177 00:08:26,659 --> 00:08:24,659 yeah about 300 meters long to get to the 178 00:08:30,799 --> 00:08:26,669 far end that's that's fantastic and 179 00:08:32,629 --> 00:08:30,809 there's not a square meter not really 180 00:08:35,299 --> 00:08:32,639 being used for something that's right 181 00:08:39,519 --> 00:08:35,309 look at this display that's fantastic 182 00:08:42,259 --> 00:08:39,529 yeah so this one we're studying bird 183 00:08:45,170 --> 00:08:42,269 gatherings so there's a word in English 184 00:08:46,579 --> 00:08:45,180 called a murmuration a wonderful ratio 185 00:08:48,470 --> 00:08:46,589 and that's when you look at the sky and 186 00:08:51,139 --> 00:08:48,480 you see birds come together in a big 187 00:08:54,199 --> 00:08:51,149 cluster that fly together like a flock 188 00:08:56,360 --> 00:08:54,209 and we give the visitors a chance to 189 00:08:58,460 --> 00:08:56,370 change three parameters and program 190 00:09:00,999 --> 00:08:58,470 their birds and how they flock what 191 00:09:03,829 --> 00:09:01,009 we're looking at folks is a giant 192 00:09:05,360 --> 00:09:03,839 flat-screen TV you know bigger than 193 00:09:07,600 --> 00:09:05,370 probably the biggest one you have in 194 00:09:10,610 --> 00:09:07,610 your house and it is covered with 195 00:09:12,530 --> 00:09:10,620 computer simulated birds all flocking 196 00:09:14,980 --> 00:09:12,540 together and the kids are down here 197 00:09:17,949 --> 00:09:14,990 using the controls here for grouping 198 00:09:21,670 --> 00:09:17,959 separation and alignment and as they 199 00:09:24,319 --> 00:09:21,680 alter the parameters they get different 200 00:09:26,090 --> 00:09:24,329 flocks of birds flowing across the 201 00:09:28,129 --> 00:09:26,100 screen that's just fascinating if they 202 00:09:30,590 --> 00:09:28,139 choose some parameters are a little 203 00:09:31,800 --> 00:09:30,600 quite kamar like this what they did 204 00:09:34,499 --> 00:09:31,810 there yeah 205 00:09:37,199 --> 00:09:34,509 and some more frenetic but they have 206 00:09:39,119 --> 00:09:37,209 just three controls and it's called in 207 00:09:42,389 --> 00:09:39,129 the world of mathematics it's called 208 00:09:44,730 --> 00:09:42,399 cellular automata you tell each bird the 209 00:09:47,009 --> 00:09:44,740 rules of making a flock of birds and 210 00:09:48,569 --> 00:09:47,019 then you turn the computer loose to 211 00:09:51,030 --> 00:09:48,579 simulate what happens that there are 212 00:09:53,790 --> 00:09:51,040 thousands of birds right now on the 213 00:09:55,499 --> 00:09:53,800 screen interacting at lightning pace 214 00:09:56,790 --> 00:09:55,509 that the calculations must be 215 00:09:59,189 --> 00:09:56,800 extraordinary yeah but they're very 216 00:10:02,730 --> 00:09:59,199 simple computers are very good at simple 217 00:10:04,980 --> 00:10:02,740 calculations right valid so wow that's 218 00:10:06,600 --> 00:10:04,990 pretty that's oh it's fantastic open 219 00:10:10,470 --> 00:10:06,610 hammer called this a museum of science 220 00:10:13,230 --> 00:10:10,480 art and human perception and that one I 221 00:10:17,069 --> 00:10:13,240 thought was a nice combination of art in 222 00:10:19,619 --> 00:10:17,079 science actually art in mathematics it's 223 00:10:22,619 --> 00:10:19,629 it's high summer here in California and 224 00:10:24,780 --> 00:10:22,629 this place is crowded I mean a lot of 225 00:10:27,929 --> 00:10:24,790 the school-age children on their 226 00:10:30,090 --> 00:10:27,939 vacation at the moment and everywhere I 227 00:10:33,059 --> 00:10:30,100 look there are children everywhere I 228 00:10:35,440 --> 00:10:33,069 look of all ages mostly younger though 229 00:10:37,810 --> 00:10:35,450 which is nice yeah 230 00:10:40,780 --> 00:10:37,820 with their with their families it's 231 00:10:41,110 --> 00:10:40,790 great to have a family together enjoying 232 00:10:42,730 --> 00:10:41,120 it 233 00:10:44,950 --> 00:10:42,740 let's go over to this one here we have a 234 00:10:49,990 --> 00:10:44,960 huge group and they found something that 235 00:10:52,240 --> 00:10:50,000 they're really interested in so there 236 00:10:54,220 --> 00:10:52,250 seems there seems to be a treadmill with 237 00:10:57,730 --> 00:10:54,230 a slinky uh-huh 238 00:10:59,080 --> 00:10:57,740 so maybe and there's no instructions so 239 00:11:00,880 --> 00:10:59,090 the kids are trying to figure out what 240 00:11:05,110 --> 00:11:00,890 to do with a treadmill and a slinky oh 241 00:11:07,840 --> 00:11:05,120 they figure it out no so the treadmill 242 00:11:09,250 --> 00:11:07,850 is going up at about a thirty five 243 00:11:10,330 --> 00:11:09,260 degree angle or something like that a 244 00:11:12,640 --> 00:11:10,340 30-degree angle 245 00:11:13,930 --> 00:11:12,650 yeah and if the slinky is at the top it 246 00:11:15,850 --> 00:11:13,940 starts to walk back down as the 247 00:11:18,280 --> 00:11:15,860 treadmill goes up that's right and they 248 00:11:20,050 --> 00:11:18,290 can control the speed and right now they 249 00:11:22,420 --> 00:11:20,060 have it at the highest speed right 250 00:11:24,280 --> 00:11:22,430 that's really hard to make work but if 251 00:11:26,770 --> 00:11:24,290 they but they get the choice to slow it 252 00:11:28,870 --> 00:11:26,780 down if they want which you just did oh 253 00:11:31,000 --> 00:11:28,880 I see yes there's a control they're 254 00:11:33,430 --> 00:11:31,010 young and and at one speed the slinky 255 00:11:35,410 --> 00:11:33,440 goes downhill at exactly the same rate 256 00:11:40,090 --> 00:11:35,420 that the treadmill is going uphill so 257 00:11:41,740 --> 00:11:40,100 it's a forever exhibit so if we're gonna 258 00:11:44,830 --> 00:11:41,750 be top that their energy and we get 259 00:11:46,300 --> 00:11:44,840 perpetual motion that's right it's 260 00:11:48,250 --> 00:11:46,310 really fun we don't give them any 261 00:11:51,090 --> 00:11:48,260 instructions of how to make the exhibit 262 00:11:54,430 --> 00:11:51,100 work they they have to go up there and 263 00:11:57,010 --> 00:11:54,440 cooperate or compete and work with each 264 00:11:58,870 --> 00:11:57,020 other it's over on the left here is 265 00:12:01,420 --> 00:11:58,880 something you hardly ever see in a 266 00:12:03,190 --> 00:12:01,430 museum as you walk through this is the 267 00:12:07,000 --> 00:12:03,200 exhibits actually being built 268 00:12:08,950 --> 00:12:07,010 it's a we can view the whole of the 269 00:12:11,770 --> 00:12:08,960 workshop area from here that's right and 270 00:12:15,190 --> 00:12:11,780 there are lots of milling machine yes 271 00:12:15,760 --> 00:12:15,200 routers and maybe how'd it work putting 272 00:12:17,770 --> 00:12:15,770 things together 273 00:12:21,960 --> 00:12:17,780 here's Diane over here coming out she's 274 00:12:24,930 --> 00:12:21,970 one of our best exhibit builders and so 275 00:12:27,150 --> 00:12:24,940 it's an exhibit in itself isn't it 276 00:12:28,650 --> 00:12:27,160 and it's unique and then over here is 277 00:12:31,950 --> 00:12:28,660 something we do only for the summit 278 00:12:35,430 --> 00:12:31,960 summer this is a small workshop just for 279 00:12:37,560 --> 00:12:35,440 teachers and so I have high school and 280 00:12:40,800 --> 00:12:37,570 middle school science teachers and we 281 00:12:43,530 --> 00:12:40,810 teach them machine shop skills using 282 00:12:44,850 --> 00:12:43,540 drill presses and band saws so these 283 00:12:46,800 --> 00:12:44,860 good people here are teachers here are 284 00:12:48,630 --> 00:12:46,810 all teachers oh well and here are the 285 00:12:51,690 --> 00:12:48,640 examples of the things they can build 286 00:12:54,600 --> 00:12:51,700 yeah and if they build it they can take 287 00:12:58,500 --> 00:12:54,610 it home as their own so we drive them to 288 00:13:01,590 --> 00:12:58,510 learn the skills of building by giving 289 00:13:03,120 --> 00:13:01,600 them hands-on experiments they can do in 290 00:13:05,280 --> 00:13:03,130 their classroom that's the one on the 291 00:13:08,850 --> 00:13:05,290 left over here is a a painters tray a 292 00:13:11,550 --> 00:13:08,860 long tray and in it you would put soapy 293 00:13:14,670 --> 00:13:11,560 water and then there's a rod that you 294 00:13:16,770 --> 00:13:14,680 pull up with a pulley that will pull the 295 00:13:18,870 --> 00:13:16,780 soapy water up into a film and so you'll 296 00:13:20,790 --> 00:13:18,880 have a planer bubble instead of a 297 00:13:23,220 --> 00:13:20,800 spherical bubble like you blow normally 298 00:13:25,710 --> 00:13:23,230 as a kid it'll be a flat plane a bubble 299 00:13:27,810 --> 00:13:25,720 and it makes incredible colors with the 300 00:13:30,450 --> 00:13:27,820 light reflecting off of it it's just a 301 00:13:32,370 --> 00:13:30,460 great lesson it's fantastic yeah and so 302 00:13:34,350 --> 00:13:32,380 and the teachers are now part of the 303 00:13:35,880 --> 00:13:34,360 exhibit themselves they are as people 304 00:13:37,470 --> 00:13:35,890 like you and me walking fast and just 305 00:13:39,450 --> 00:13:37,480 stand here and look at them and ask 306 00:13:41,250 --> 00:13:39,460 questions and they ant their teachers 307 00:13:44,340 --> 00:13:41,260 you ask them a question they will talk 308 00:13:46,990 --> 00:13:44,350 to you forever we might try that in fact 309 00:13:50,290 --> 00:13:47,000 we could try that we could hello 310 00:13:53,230 --> 00:13:50,300 hi hello I'm from the Sydney Australia 311 00:13:54,610 --> 00:13:53,240 doing a podcast a scientific podcast I 312 00:13:57,300 --> 00:13:54,620 thought I'm not your name's Colleen 313 00:14:00,130 --> 00:13:57,310 yes I guess that from your badge yeah 314 00:14:02,200 --> 00:14:00,140 and your science teacher I am yes I 315 00:14:04,690 --> 00:14:02,210 teach high school science biology we're 316 00:14:06,790 --> 00:14:04,700 at Archbishop Riordan it's a boys high 317 00:14:08,500 --> 00:14:06,800 school here in San Francisco okay you 318 00:14:10,090 --> 00:14:08,510 get the thumbs-up from pull over I Drive 319 00:14:12,040 --> 00:14:10,100 by it all the time over there on Sunset 320 00:14:14,050 --> 00:14:12,050 all right yeah and so what's it like 321 00:14:15,880 --> 00:14:14,060 being part of the exhibit but learning 322 00:14:18,190 --> 00:14:15,890 stuff at the same time it's outstanding 323 00:14:19,780 --> 00:14:18,200 I mean this is the sort of stuff that 324 00:14:21,160 --> 00:14:19,790 when I was a kid I used to come to 325 00:14:24,250 --> 00:14:21,170 science Uzis I used to go to the old 326 00:14:26,110 --> 00:14:24,260 location grew up in the area and I used 327 00:14:28,210 --> 00:14:26,120 to look up to people you know the adults 328 00:14:29,950 --> 00:14:28,220 doing you know actual science things so 329 00:14:31,750 --> 00:14:29,960 to be like I'm at the Science Museum 330 00:14:33,310 --> 00:14:31,760 doing science things and kids are like 331 00:14:35,110 --> 00:14:33,320 it's just mean at the full circle sort 332 00:14:38,410 --> 00:14:35,120 of thing and be able to come here with 333 00:14:40,600 --> 00:14:38,420 all these really creative outgoing like 334 00:14:42,670 --> 00:14:40,610 energetic people that have just amazing 335 00:14:44,080 --> 00:14:42,680 ideas like I just like talking to people 336 00:14:46,060 --> 00:14:44,090 and like that's a good idea that's a 337 00:14:47,680 --> 00:14:46,070 good idea and just a whole culture of 338 00:14:49,180 --> 00:14:47,690 learning in this building just for these 339 00:14:51,160 --> 00:14:49,190 three weeks I'm just like trying to soak 340 00:14:53,350 --> 00:14:51,170 up as much as I can while I'm here well 341 00:14:55,390 --> 00:14:53,360 I wish I was one of your students thank 342 00:14:57,790 --> 00:14:55,400 you thank you so much Hillary thank you 343 00:14:59,800 --> 00:14:57,800 thank you we have armed our staff 344 00:15:01,270 --> 00:14:59,810 machine shop where we build the exhibits 345 00:15:03,190 --> 00:15:01,280 for the public and the exhibits for the 346 00:15:05,890 --> 00:15:03,200 public have to be built to withstand the 347 00:15:08,050 --> 00:15:05,900 most destructive force known to man the 348 00:15:10,300 --> 00:15:08,060 seventh grade boy little children I 349 00:15:11,710 --> 00:15:10,310 shouldn't have to say yes yeah and but 350 00:15:14,920 --> 00:15:11,720 but the ones that the teachers are 351 00:15:16,840 --> 00:15:14,930 building are very flimsy and because 352 00:15:19,120 --> 00:15:16,850 they have to know how to build them and 353 00:15:20,860 --> 00:15:19,130 repair them and so if their class 354 00:15:22,660 --> 00:15:20,870 destroys them then the class has to 355 00:15:24,070 --> 00:15:22,670 rebuild it okay and that's that's a 356 00:15:26,829 --> 00:15:24,080 great lesson 357 00:15:29,769 --> 00:15:26,839 and as we were discussing earlier that 358 00:15:31,389 --> 00:15:29,779 the place is absolutely filled with 359 00:15:33,250 --> 00:15:31,399 children but it's just filled it's full 360 00:15:37,180 --> 00:15:33,260 it's got a great attendance here what we 361 00:15:39,610 --> 00:15:37,190 do yeah they'll be today we'll have four 362 00:15:40,840 --> 00:15:39,620 thousand people here Wow yeah and all 363 00:15:42,400 --> 00:15:40,850 through the summer pretty soon in the 364 00:15:44,949 --> 00:15:42,410 summer it'll be so crowded it will be 365 00:15:46,540 --> 00:15:44,959 hard to walk and and right now it's 366 00:15:47,860 --> 00:15:46,550 great that's great and that's four 367 00:15:50,079 --> 00:15:47,870 thousand during the day right now there 368 00:15:51,970 --> 00:15:50,089 are probably a thousand people in the 369 00:15:54,940 --> 00:15:51,980 museum that's two people for every 370 00:15:56,319 --> 00:15:54,950 exhibit in the place actually here's a 371 00:15:58,569 --> 00:15:56,329 very important thing about the museum 372 00:16:00,690 --> 00:15:58,579 behind you over here oh yeah our floor 373 00:16:03,940 --> 00:16:00,700 staff is composed of high school 374 00:16:06,130 --> 00:16:03,950 students we're the largest employer of 375 00:16:07,840 --> 00:16:06,140 high school students in the city we 376 00:16:09,639 --> 00:16:07,850 bring them in we teach them there 377 00:16:12,040 --> 00:16:09,649 they're teaching about the ear and sound 378 00:16:15,009 --> 00:16:12,050 right now with the demos so we'll go 379 00:16:17,310 --> 00:16:15,019 visit how to do it and then they do it 380 00:16:19,690 --> 00:16:17,320 for the public and answer questions and 381 00:16:21,310 --> 00:16:19,700 we get they get paid for it that's 382 00:16:22,660 --> 00:16:21,320 pretty cool so there are a couple of 383 00:16:23,769 --> 00:16:22,670 high school students there are a couple 384 00:16:26,290 --> 00:16:23,779 high school students there at the moment 385 00:16:28,090 --> 00:16:26,300 and you're reassembling an ear that we 386 00:16:32,680 --> 00:16:28,100 have this giant ear about it about about 387 00:16:34,329 --> 00:16:32,690 a third of a meter high yeah it's yeah 388 00:16:35,800 --> 00:16:34,339 it's a hole if folks if you can imagine 389 00:16:37,470 --> 00:16:35,810 the classic pictures you see of the 390 00:16:40,870 --> 00:16:37,480 outer ear going into the ear canal 391 00:16:44,130 --> 00:16:40,880 eardrum that's a big model of that and 392 00:16:47,139 --> 00:16:44,140 one of the young students here is 393 00:16:49,900 --> 00:16:47,149 teaching a small group in front of her 394 00:16:51,040 --> 00:16:49,910 all about the inner ear let's listen in 395 00:16:55,560 --> 00:16:51,050 yet 396 00:17:00,750 --> 00:16:58,680 so basically when you do that it's just 397 00:17:04,020 --> 00:17:00,760 your offsetting your balance this is 398 00:17:07,920 --> 00:17:04,030 what makes you kind of Center and in a 399 00:17:09,780 --> 00:17:07,930 way whenever you she's discussing the 400 00:17:11,460 --> 00:17:09,790 balance in her ear the inner admits that 401 00:17:12,600 --> 00:17:11,470 she was just talking about it and and 402 00:17:17,220 --> 00:17:12,610 they have in front of them an array of 403 00:17:19,260 --> 00:17:17,230 spoons and tongs metal and strings and 404 00:17:21,900 --> 00:17:19,270 they put the string in near their ear 405 00:17:24,360 --> 00:17:21,910 and then bang the spoon and they hear on 406 00:17:26,160 --> 00:17:24,370 May it sounds like Big Ben it's just 407 00:17:27,990 --> 00:17:26,170 amazing that that spoon can make that 408 00:17:30,660 --> 00:17:28,000 sound and series of student tuning folks 409 00:17:32,940 --> 00:17:30,670 there too right exactly well let's just 410 00:17:34,590 --> 00:17:32,950 make it real as our key in fact we are 411 00:17:37,230 --> 00:17:34,600 for your listeners I'm going to take 412 00:17:39,990 --> 00:17:37,240 them to a very rare thing we very often 413 00:17:41,910 --> 00:17:40,000 see visual illusions I'm going to give 414 00:17:43,380 --> 00:17:41,920 them an audio illusion it sounds 415 00:17:45,690 --> 00:17:43,390 interesting so yeah this is this is a 416 00:17:49,020 --> 00:17:45,700 break so it's called it's called Shepard 417 00:17:51,870 --> 00:17:49,030 tones and johann sebastian bach almost 418 00:17:55,290 --> 00:17:51,880 discovered it almost but he didn't but 419 00:17:57,030 --> 00:17:55,300 shepard did and so let's go I have a 420 00:17:58,920 --> 00:17:57,040 very simple question for you probably 421 00:18:01,590 --> 00:17:58,930 can tell a high-pitched sound from a low 422 00:18:04,860 --> 00:18:01,600 pitch sound I hope so yes I hope so 423 00:18:08,400 --> 00:18:04,870 let's see how you do right so we have 424 00:18:10,890 --> 00:18:08,410 this some display over here and you'll 425 00:18:12,960 --> 00:18:10,900 notice it's one octave of a piano 426 00:18:15,120 --> 00:18:12,970 keyboard but it's been wrapped in a 427 00:18:16,740 --> 00:18:15,130 circle we took a piano and wrapped it in 428 00:18:19,080 --> 00:18:16,750 a circuit it's a keyboard a circular 429 00:18:20,340 --> 00:18:19,090 keyboard yeah so I'm gonna I'm gonna 430 00:18:22,380 --> 00:18:20,350 play around all right 431 00:18:24,240 --> 00:18:22,390 series of notes yeah and you just find 432 00:18:26,520 --> 00:18:24,250 the highest one the name of the exhibit 433 00:18:39,720 --> 00:18:26,530 is fine the highest note all right could 434 00:18:40,590 --> 00:18:39,730 it be stop you when we get ringing wait 435 00:18:42,270 --> 00:18:40,600 a minute 436 00:18:46,730 --> 00:18:42,280 you've gone around once you hitting the 437 00:18:50,280 --> 00:18:46,740 same notes yeah yeah the same same time 438 00:18:52,380 --> 00:18:50,290 all right so if I say stop at any one 439 00:18:54,210 --> 00:18:52,390 yeah it's theoretically the highest note 440 00:18:55,680 --> 00:18:54,220 oh heavens no no no it matter which one 441 00:18:57,019 --> 00:18:55,690 I stopped at say you start me at this 442 00:19:10,669 --> 00:18:57,029 one 443 00:19:12,949 --> 00:19:10,679 go around counterclockwise oh that's 444 00:19:15,919 --> 00:19:12,959 that's very golden this is my playing 445 00:19:17,989 --> 00:19:15,929 one note it's actually playing about 446 00:19:21,289 --> 00:19:17,999 seven different notes when you press the 447 00:19:24,439 --> 00:19:21,299 a C on the piano it'll play seven 448 00:19:29,209 --> 00:19:24,449 octaves of C and then when you play a D 449 00:19:34,909 --> 00:19:29,219 it plays seven octaves of D and so on 450 00:19:36,319 --> 00:19:34,919 and so each one each sub note has gone 451 00:19:39,019 --> 00:19:36,329 up a little bit and you're here said 452 00:19:41,599 --> 00:19:39,029 okay every subcomponent has gone up but 453 00:19:45,619 --> 00:19:41,609 at some point you're playing a note 454 00:19:47,389 --> 00:19:45,629 that's exactly in the middle and what 455 00:19:49,939 --> 00:19:47,399 we're doing is with the low frequency 456 00:19:51,619 --> 00:19:49,949 ones were fading in and we're increasing 457 00:19:53,679 --> 00:19:51,629 them in frequency as we go around making 458 00:19:56,869 --> 00:19:53,689 them louder and so it's a well-known 459 00:19:58,489 --> 00:19:56,879 illusion that is fantastic on this is 460 00:20:01,489 --> 00:19:58,499 I'm going to play two notes black and 461 00:20:04,930 --> 00:20:01,499 white black white ah 462 00:20:07,209 --> 00:20:04,940 black white ah the white is higher pitch 463 00:20:09,649 --> 00:20:07,219 [Music] 464 00:20:16,789 --> 00:20:09,659 okay yeah now I'm going to play black 465 00:20:22,159 --> 00:20:16,799 and white across yes one opposite yeah 466 00:20:23,689 --> 00:20:22,169 this one is lower in pitch to me but it 467 00:20:24,109 --> 00:20:23,699 might be higher in pitch to you you know 468 00:20:29,139 --> 00:20:24,119 what 469 00:20:32,089 --> 00:20:29,149 no I'm chuckling to about this exhibit I 470 00:20:34,819 --> 00:20:32,099 can show you what I'm hearing 471 00:20:37,339 --> 00:20:34,829 this exhibit lets me turn me and B you 472 00:20:38,599 --> 00:20:37,349 into me so listen to this I'm going to 473 00:20:46,639 --> 00:20:38,609 play the black one and I'm going to go 474 00:20:48,559 --> 00:20:46,649 around to the white one and now you 475 00:20:51,019 --> 00:20:48,569 heard the white one second one is lower 476 00:20:57,200 --> 00:20:51,029 yes yes yeah yes but now if I go the 477 00:21:01,170 --> 00:20:59,220 now you hear it as higher that's 478 00:21:03,720 --> 00:21:01,180 fantastic oh this is not only a 479 00:21:06,600 --> 00:21:03,730 wonderful acoustic illusion it's one 480 00:21:09,600 --> 00:21:06,610 that no matter what you hear I can show 481 00:21:11,790 --> 00:21:09,610 you what I hear by guiding you slowly 482 00:21:14,220 --> 00:21:11,800 around so if you want to look it up it's 483 00:21:17,310 --> 00:21:14,230 called a Shepard tone Shepard tone okay 484 00:21:20,430 --> 00:21:17,320 and it's a great acoustic illusion it's 485 00:21:24,060 --> 00:21:20,440 that's yeah and we use illusions here to 486 00:21:25,530 --> 00:21:24,070 to show people why you can't directly 487 00:21:27,060 --> 00:21:25,540 trust your senses you've got to do 488 00:21:28,800 --> 00:21:27,070 measure you have to understand your 489 00:21:30,480 --> 00:21:28,810 senses before you trust them and you 490 00:21:34,200 --> 00:21:30,490 have to do measurements if you're a 491 00:21:36,120 --> 00:21:34,210 scientist yes a message the skeptic zone 492 00:21:37,980 --> 00:21:36,130 fans know very well that's right don't 493 00:21:40,200 --> 00:21:37,990 trust your senses your senses 494 00:21:43,380 --> 00:21:40,210 let me then take you to one which is my 495 00:21:45,600 --> 00:21:43,390 latest creation at the Museum so and 496 00:21:48,390 --> 00:21:45,610 this one's got to be video visual so you 497 00:21:51,660 --> 00:21:48,400 ought to describe it to people but over 498 00:21:53,840 --> 00:21:51,670 here we have quite a large about a four 499 00:21:56,520 --> 00:21:53,850 meter wide and three meter high 500 00:21:59,100 --> 00:21:56,530 parabolic mirror a beautiful thing 501 00:22:00,570 --> 00:21:59,110 Wow it's fascinating and if you stand in 502 00:22:02,520 --> 00:22:00,580 front of it right all right I'm standing 503 00:22:05,640 --> 00:22:02,530 in front of the mirror and you see 504 00:22:07,920 --> 00:22:05,650 yourself now folks it's it's almost 505 00:22:11,280 --> 00:22:07,930 impossible to describe I am looking at 506 00:22:13,290 --> 00:22:11,290 myself in three dimensions a reflection 507 00:22:15,270 --> 00:22:13,300 upside down right like I'm hanging from 508 00:22:17,130 --> 00:22:15,280 the ceiling reach your hand up there it 509 00:22:19,290 --> 00:22:17,140 is right there okay you are touching 510 00:22:21,060 --> 00:22:19,300 your hand right I was my front of the 511 00:22:22,860 --> 00:22:21,070 mirror like like eight feet in front of 512 00:22:25,230 --> 00:22:22,870 the mirror your hand reached out for you 513 00:22:30,390 --> 00:22:25,240 to touch it's bizarre I'm looking at 514 00:22:33,360 --> 00:22:30,400 myself I'm reaching out and I'm now I've 515 00:22:35,430 --> 00:22:33,370 got my hand in my own hand yeah and I 516 00:22:37,770 --> 00:22:35,440 guess you just have to come here to 517 00:22:40,080 --> 00:22:37,780 really understand what we're talking but 518 00:22:42,030 --> 00:22:40,090 now this is this is a little weird 519 00:22:44,640 --> 00:22:42,040 because you're upside down but I 520 00:22:47,580 --> 00:22:44,650 discovered I'm a big fan of Lewis 521 00:22:49,500 --> 00:22:47,590 Carroll oh yeah and so Alice Through the 522 00:22:51,300 --> 00:22:49,510 Looking Glass yes so I thought about 523 00:22:52,860 --> 00:22:51,310 that and I made a new part of this 524 00:22:54,870 --> 00:22:52,870 exhibit I'm going to let you walk 525 00:22:55,950 --> 00:22:54,880 through a looking-glass I'm going to 526 00:22:57,900 --> 00:22:55,960 have you walk through a mirror you're 527 00:23:01,650 --> 00:22:57,910 going to become Alice sound let me do 528 00:23:02,910 --> 00:23:01,660 that good to me this giant mirror here I 529 00:23:03,660 --> 00:23:02,920 need to pull out the looking-glass 530 00:23:05,550 --> 00:23:03,670 itself 531 00:23:08,240 --> 00:23:05,560 oh here oh you're bringing this round 532 00:23:10,490 --> 00:23:08,250 it's a it's like a mirror 533 00:23:12,740 --> 00:23:10,500 I understand and Paul's pulling it out 534 00:23:15,740 --> 00:23:12,750 in front of everybody here like it looks 535 00:23:17,870 --> 00:23:15,750 like I might be a guinea pig and he's 536 00:23:21,110 --> 00:23:17,880 angling it so the mirror is now facing 537 00:23:22,820 --> 00:23:21,120 the giant mirror yeah I'm coming around 538 00:23:27,020 --> 00:23:22,830 the back now so there's a mirror right 539 00:23:29,480 --> 00:23:27,030 there oh and now it's very confusing 540 00:23:31,669 --> 00:23:29,490 yeah now you can walk through that 541 00:23:32,990 --> 00:23:31,679 mirror now as you walk through as you go 542 00:23:35,810 --> 00:23:33,000 through the mirror your head's going to 543 00:23:37,669 --> 00:23:35,820 explode and then reassemble upside down 544 00:23:39,409 --> 00:23:37,679 do I want to do this yes you want to do 545 00:23:41,840 --> 00:23:39,419 this so just walk right now right here 546 00:23:43,370 --> 00:23:41,850 I'm gonna be next so what I'm doing is 547 00:23:44,840 --> 00:23:43,380 I'm walking towards a reflection of a 548 00:23:46,399 --> 00:23:44,850 mirror which is upside down but I'm the 549 00:23:48,260 --> 00:23:46,409 right-side up in the upside down mirror 550 00:23:53,810 --> 00:23:48,270 yes okay here we go 551 00:23:56,390 --> 00:23:53,820 and I it's indescribable that is 552 00:23:59,720 --> 00:23:56,400 incredible well it's all done with 553 00:24:01,760 --> 00:23:59,730 mirrors and people trying was a little 554 00:24:06,490 --> 00:24:01,770 boy trying it now he's walking straight 555 00:24:12,080 --> 00:24:09,320 expression on their face becomes an AC 556 00:24:14,630 --> 00:24:12,090 lady going through 557 00:24:16,220 --> 00:24:14,640 it's like it's like nothing I've done 558 00:24:21,440 --> 00:24:16,230 and now everyone's lined up to try it 559 00:24:23,240 --> 00:24:21,450 for themselves that's it's bizarre and 560 00:24:24,920 --> 00:24:23,250 what you see as you actually walk 561 00:24:27,470 --> 00:24:24,930 through it is different that what people 562 00:24:29,390 --> 00:24:27,480 see when they're watching you absolutely 563 00:24:31,820 --> 00:24:29,400 as you walk through the mirror your head 564 00:24:33,710 --> 00:24:31,830 explodes and fills the entire space of 565 00:24:36,200 --> 00:24:33,720 the giant mirror and then comes back 566 00:24:38,630 --> 00:24:36,210 together upside down and it is mazhab 567 00:24:40,490 --> 00:24:38,640 because as you approach a mirror and if 568 00:24:42,260 --> 00:24:40,500 your brain is telling you you're walking 569 00:24:44,330 --> 00:24:42,270 into a solid mirror yeah it just 570 00:24:46,670 --> 00:24:44,340 evaporates yeah and then you walk right 571 00:24:48,950 --> 00:24:46,680 through it yeah so this one I really 572 00:24:51,530 --> 00:24:48,960 like because it really blows people's 573 00:24:52,790 --> 00:24:51,540 minds in many ways yeah and here we have 574 00:24:54,350 --> 00:24:52,800 something I'm really enjoying it 575 00:24:55,940 --> 00:24:54,360 everyone's enjoying it now they've been 576 00:24:59,890 --> 00:24:55,950 lined up to do it one thing you can do 577 00:25:03,740 --> 00:24:59,900 is mirrors work in sound as well as 578 00:25:05,810 --> 00:25:03,750 vision so as you walk up to the flat 579 00:25:08,090 --> 00:25:05,820 mirror if you stop just a little bit in 580 00:25:10,010 --> 00:25:08,100 front of the flat mirror and speak it 581 00:25:12,770 --> 00:25:10,020 it'll it'll make your voice louder ish 582 00:25:14,900 --> 00:25:12,780 it the microphone might pick up your 583 00:25:16,280 --> 00:25:14,910 voice reflecting off the mirror alright 584 00:25:18,170 --> 00:25:16,290 let's give that a go the trouble is of 585 00:25:20,680 --> 00:25:18,180 course now you brought out this other 586 00:25:22,730 --> 00:25:20,690 mirror we've got a line of people that's 587 00:25:24,470 --> 00:25:22,740 willing to give it a glitch is what 588 00:25:26,660 --> 00:25:24,480 exactly what you want it's really great 589 00:25:30,650 --> 00:25:26,670 to see yeah so we'll wait for a moment 590 00:25:32,120 --> 00:25:30,660 and see what we can do okay now I'm 591 00:25:35,300 --> 00:25:32,130 walking back towards the mirror again 592 00:25:36,890 --> 00:25:35,310 which I walked through before and hello 593 00:25:40,400 --> 00:25:36,900 yes I could hear my voice 594 00:25:42,380 --> 00:25:40,410 that's strange it's echoing back I hope 595 00:25:44,390 --> 00:25:42,390 you can hear that on the microphone and 596 00:25:47,750 --> 00:25:44,400 of course my head's exploding at the 597 00:25:50,780 --> 00:25:47,760 same time so wow that's that's something 598 00:25:53,180 --> 00:25:50,790 else and I had a bunch of high school 599 00:25:55,010 --> 00:25:53,190 physics teachers here today and they 600 00:25:57,440 --> 00:25:55,020 know about mirrors and they know about 601 00:26:01,190 --> 00:25:57,450 curved mirrors but this one blew their 602 00:26:03,590 --> 00:26:01,200 minds and made them really passionately 603 00:26:06,440 --> 00:26:03,600 want to know how to jab that how did 604 00:26:08,870 --> 00:26:06,450 that work and I had to actually go and 605 00:26:12,230 --> 00:26:08,880 we had to work through it slowly so they 606 00:26:13,970 --> 00:26:12,240 understood it now look at this we're 607 00:26:15,080 --> 00:26:13,980 back now from the mirror maybe about 608 00:26:17,060 --> 00:26:15,090 three meters right 609 00:26:20,030 --> 00:26:17,070 and we're looking at the reflections of 610 00:26:21,530 --> 00:26:20,040 other people sort of to our left but not 611 00:26:22,890 --> 00:26:21,540 only are they upside down in three 612 00:26:26,549 --> 00:26:22,900 dimensions but they're 613 00:26:28,560 --> 00:26:26,559 one and a half times sighs yeah that's 614 00:26:30,930 --> 00:26:28,570 right yeah it gets curiouser and 615 00:26:33,960 --> 00:26:30,940 curiouser said Alice that's right 616 00:26:36,270 --> 00:26:33,970 welcome to the Alice's World yeah yeah 617 00:26:38,690 --> 00:26:36,280 it much curiouser and that's the key of 618 00:26:41,760 --> 00:26:38,700 the Exploratorium is curiosity and 619 00:26:45,750 --> 00:26:41,770 inspiring people to ask questions and 620 00:26:47,910 --> 00:26:45,760 and find the answers themselves you 621 00:26:52,640 --> 00:26:47,920 notice there's no explanation here right 622 00:26:55,680 --> 00:26:52,650 right this is just okay have fun enjoy 623 00:26:57,480 --> 00:26:55,690 well without snuck into the the 624 00:27:00,000 --> 00:26:57,490 behind-the-scenes area here the 625 00:27:01,650 --> 00:27:00,010 Exploratorium misses a teachers room or 626 00:27:03,690 --> 00:27:01,660 something like that yeah this sort it's 627 00:27:06,780 --> 00:27:03,700 adjacent to a classroom and it's full of 628 00:27:07,770 --> 00:27:06,790 teaching supplies ah yes yeah it looks 629 00:27:09,299 --> 00:27:07,780 like it yeah 630 00:27:12,450 --> 00:27:09,309 but it's just a nice quiet place so we 631 00:27:15,510 --> 00:27:12,460 can have a brief talk now just for our 632 00:27:17,310 --> 00:27:15,520 listeners segment can you give a the The 633 00:27:19,860 --> 00:27:17,320 Reader's Digest version of the history 634 00:27:21,600 --> 00:27:19,870 of the Exploratorium so a Franko 635 00:27:24,240 --> 00:27:21,610 bernheimer was on the Manhattan Project 636 00:27:25,620 --> 00:27:24,250 and then after the Manhattan Project he 637 00:27:29,970 --> 00:27:25,630 went and became a high school teacher in 638 00:27:32,790 --> 00:27:29,980 Colorado and pretty soon the scientists 639 00:27:36,230 --> 00:27:32,800 in Colorado noted that these students 640 00:27:40,530 --> 00:27:36,240 from this remote district very rural 641 00:27:41,970 --> 00:27:40,540 farming district in Colorado State were 642 00:27:43,710 --> 00:27:41,980 winning all the science fair 643 00:27:46,500 --> 00:27:43,720 competitions uh-huh so they looked into 644 00:27:49,260 --> 00:27:46,510 it and they found that this this teacher 645 00:27:51,630 --> 00:27:49,270 Frank Oppenheim er was teaching the 646 00:27:53,250 --> 00:27:51,640 students better than anybody else so the 647 00:27:54,900 --> 00:27:53,260 local university the University of 648 00:27:57,120 --> 00:27:54,910 Colorado at Boulder hired him away to 649 00:28:00,240 --> 00:27:57,130 come and help them teach their students 650 00:28:03,270 --> 00:28:00,250 and Frank made the Junior Physics 651 00:28:04,980 --> 00:28:03,280 Laboratory 17 exhibits the students 652 00:28:06,510 --> 00:28:04,990 would go to one exhibit a week and then 653 00:28:09,510 --> 00:28:06,520 move to the next one in the next one 654 00:28:13,320 --> 00:28:09,520 that taught basic physics ideas but then 655 00:28:15,030 --> 00:28:13,330 Frank noted that people would would the 656 00:28:17,310 --> 00:28:15,040 students would return on the weekend and 657 00:28:20,460 --> 00:28:17,320 bring their friends to play with the 658 00:28:22,169 --> 00:28:20,470 physics experiment and he realized he 659 00:28:24,720 --> 00:28:22,179 was onto something yeah so when he 660 00:28:29,130 --> 00:28:24,730 toured the great museums of Europe the 661 00:28:32,080 --> 00:28:29,140 deutsches museum the palais des Kuvera 662 00:28:34,299 --> 00:28:32,090 and he took their best 663 00:28:36,370 --> 00:28:34,309 ideas and and then looked around the 664 00:28:38,320 --> 00:28:36,380 United States for a big building that he 665 00:28:40,360 --> 00:28:38,330 could rent and the city of San Francisco 666 00:28:43,779 --> 00:28:40,370 had this big empty building that was 667 00:28:46,990 --> 00:28:43,789 built for the World's Fair of 1916 hmm 668 00:28:49,330 --> 00:28:47,000 the Pan Pacific Exhibition had stood 669 00:28:52,930 --> 00:28:49,340 empty most of the time since then so in 670 00:28:55,750 --> 00:28:52,940 1969 he rented that building 10,000 671 00:28:58,029 --> 00:28:55,760 square meters for $1 a year with 672 00:28:58,510 --> 00:28:58,039 electricity for free wow that's pretty 673 00:29:00,760 --> 00:28:58,520 good 674 00:29:02,620 --> 00:29:00,770 and then he he started building the 675 00:29:05,620 --> 00:29:02,630 Exploratorium and he brought in local 676 00:29:08,350 --> 00:29:05,630 artists and builders and then they 677 00:29:10,389 --> 00:29:08,360 created these things we call exhibits 678 00:29:12,340 --> 00:29:10,399 simple physics experiments that you 679 00:29:14,409 --> 00:29:12,350 could interact with but he also brought 680 00:29:17,289 --> 00:29:14,419 in local artists who had one big idea 681 00:29:20,049 --> 00:29:17,299 they always wanted to make and he would 682 00:29:22,779 --> 00:29:20,059 turn them loose with programmers and 683 00:29:24,850 --> 00:29:22,789 machinists to make their idea real and 684 00:29:27,370 --> 00:29:24,860 some of the best exhibits in this place 685 00:29:29,470 --> 00:29:27,380 to this day came from local artists who 686 00:29:32,049 --> 00:29:29,480 were passionate about one thing and 687 00:29:35,230 --> 00:29:32,059 built it at the Exploratorium 688 00:29:41,200 --> 00:29:35,240 well that was 1969 and we grew since 689 00:29:42,970 --> 00:29:41,210 then until about 2014 when this building 690 00:29:45,490 --> 00:29:42,980 we were in needed tremendous amounts of 691 00:29:47,710 --> 00:29:45,500 repairs it was a hundred years old 692 00:29:50,019 --> 00:29:47,720 mmm just about and it was in need of 693 00:29:51,639 --> 00:29:50,029 repairs so the city offered us a 694 00:29:54,490 --> 00:29:51,649 different building also in need of 695 00:29:57,789 --> 00:29:54,500 repairs but the new building was Pier 15 696 00:30:01,029 --> 00:29:57,799 in San Francisco which is which one is 697 00:30:03,669 --> 00:30:01,039 this is pier 15 that's Lucy here 15 and 698 00:30:07,269 --> 00:30:03,679 it needed a lot of repairs we fixed it 699 00:30:09,909 --> 00:30:07,279 up and now in return for us repairing it 700 00:30:11,049 --> 00:30:09,919 we have free rent for the next 60 years 701 00:30:13,120 --> 00:30:11,059 Wow 702 00:30:14,860 --> 00:30:13,130 yeah and so we'll be here now with free 703 00:30:16,480 --> 00:30:14,870 rent but we saved the building the city 704 00:30:18,789 --> 00:30:16,490 owns the building we saved it for it 705 00:30:22,480 --> 00:30:18,799 what a good situation rate situation not 706 00:30:25,860 --> 00:30:22,490 only do you do well by the city yes 707 00:30:27,750 --> 00:30:25,870 in that respect the city did too 708 00:30:29,430 --> 00:30:27,760 is gaining by the the fact that it's 709 00:30:31,980 --> 00:30:29,440 here that's right and we have huge 710 00:30:33,780 --> 00:30:31,990 retraction and we do a really good job 711 00:30:36,600 --> 00:30:33,790 of working with local teachers and 712 00:30:38,850 --> 00:30:36,610 students as we saw the students we 713 00:30:42,000 --> 00:30:38,860 employ them they come here and learn 714 00:30:43,320 --> 00:30:42,010 that science learning can be fun and 715 00:30:46,470 --> 00:30:43,330 that's the best lesson we could possibly 716 00:30:49,320 --> 00:30:46,480 and and we're doing really well right 717 00:30:51,810 --> 00:30:49,330 now we're the state of California funds 718 00:30:54,390 --> 00:30:51,820 us to train teachers and how to make 719 00:30:57,420 --> 00:30:54,400 science class more interesting and we do 720 00:30:59,430 --> 00:30:57,430 it we spend many many hours well just on 721 00:31:01,980 --> 00:30:59,440 our way here this back room we passed a 722 00:31:03,090 --> 00:31:01,990 whole B classroom full of science 723 00:31:04,320 --> 00:31:03,100 teachers I see that's right those are 724 00:31:06,840 --> 00:31:04,330 all middle and high school science 725 00:31:08,370 --> 00:31:06,850 teachers in the morning they choose 726 00:31:09,900 --> 00:31:08,380 which class they're going to go to we 727 00:31:13,049 --> 00:31:09,910 have high school biology high school 728 00:31:14,430 --> 00:31:13,059 physics and middle school science those 729 00:31:16,080 --> 00:31:14,440 are the three classes were teaching 730 00:31:19,350 --> 00:31:16,090 right now but in the afternoon we have 731 00:31:20,720 --> 00:31:19,360 specialty classes and I believe Zeke as 732 00:31:23,820 --> 00:31:20,730 we walked by was teaching a lesson on 733 00:31:26,850 --> 00:31:23,830 ultraviolet light and the teachers can 734 00:31:30,480 --> 00:31:26,860 then pick from three classes every 735 00:31:32,820 --> 00:31:30,490 afternoon with a specific topic yeah so 736 00:31:34,710 --> 00:31:32,830 yesterday I did how to measure 737 00:31:36,480 --> 00:31:34,720 electrical circuits I taught teachers 738 00:31:39,060 --> 00:31:36,490 how to measure voltage and current and 739 00:31:43,080 --> 00:31:39,070 not kill themselves very important 740 00:31:44,730 --> 00:31:43,090 lesson and and they choose to come now 741 00:31:47,370 --> 00:31:44,740 the teachers come and they come every 742 00:31:49,919 --> 00:31:47,380 day all day long for three weeks and 743 00:31:51,720 --> 00:31:49,929 then at the end of the summer we paid 744 00:31:56,950 --> 00:31:51,730 them two thousand five hundred dollars 745 00:32:03,940 --> 00:32:00,009 private donors essentially charities 746 00:32:05,889 --> 00:32:03,950 philanthropies the the Hewlett 747 00:32:08,440 --> 00:32:05,899 Foundation the Packard Foundation the 748 00:32:13,320 --> 00:32:08,450 noise foundation and by the state of 749 00:32:17,529 --> 00:32:15,909 politicians realize the value of science 750 00:32:19,659 --> 00:32:17,539 education and support it with money 751 00:32:21,070 --> 00:32:19,669 that's good they pay my salary and we 752 00:32:22,869 --> 00:32:21,080 give some of that money to the teachers 753 00:32:24,310 --> 00:32:22,879 because the teachers don't get paid so 754 00:32:26,229 --> 00:32:24,320 much that they can take off in the 755 00:32:28,149 --> 00:32:26,239 summer they would normally have to work 756 00:32:29,919 --> 00:32:28,159 in the summer uh-huh so this allows them 757 00:32:32,649 --> 00:32:29,929 to take three weeks of their summer and 758 00:32:34,570 --> 00:32:32,659 get better at being a science teacher so 759 00:32:36,310 --> 00:32:34,580 we think that's also a win-win that's 760 00:32:37,839 --> 00:32:36,320 that they can take off and I don't have 761 00:32:39,999 --> 00:32:37,849 to work at other things they just work 762 00:32:41,529 --> 00:32:40,009 at being a wonderful science teacher 763 00:32:43,180 --> 00:32:41,539 well here's the word folks if you're 764 00:32:45,099 --> 00:32:43,190 going to come to San Francisco don't 765 00:32:47,799 --> 00:32:45,109 worry about the flowers in your hair and 766 00:32:50,589 --> 00:32:47,809 worry about coming down here to Pier 15 767 00:32:52,959 --> 00:32:50,599 to visit the Exploratorium it's it's a 768 00:32:55,029 --> 00:32:52,969 wonderland of science and interaction 769 00:32:56,769 --> 00:32:55,039 that's right and all the things we were 770 00:32:58,269 --> 00:32:56,779 doing earlier playing with the tones and 771 00:33:00,639 --> 00:32:58,279 the mirrors in it I think yeah it's 772 00:33:03,459 --> 00:33:00,649 absolutely enthralling but before I go 773 00:33:05,529 --> 00:33:03,469 oh yeah oh yeah I love that the 774 00:33:07,450 --> 00:33:05,539 Australian version there oh that you 775 00:33:09,579 --> 00:33:07,460 it's different from the American birds 776 00:33:11,829 --> 00:33:09,589 right because I did not know I liked the 777 00:33:12,310 --> 00:33:11,839 Australian covered much better oh that's 778 00:33:13,690 --> 00:33:12,320 interesting 779 00:33:16,509 --> 00:33:13,700 what I'll get you to do if you could 780 00:33:19,570 --> 00:33:16,519 sign that to the skeptic zone and pretty 781 00:33:21,579 --> 00:33:19,580 soon we shall have a competition for our 782 00:33:23,289 --> 00:33:21,589 listeners oh wow to win a copy of this 783 00:33:26,200 --> 00:33:23,299 book which we've chatted about a few 784 00:33:29,829 --> 00:33:26,210 episodes ago so it's being autographed 785 00:33:32,829 --> 00:33:29,839 as we speak it says and then you're dead 786 00:33:36,039 --> 00:33:32,839 skeptic zone enjoy exploring science 787 00:33:38,349 --> 00:33:36,049 auld already nice well that's just one 788 00:33:41,950 --> 00:33:38,359 4-pull thank you again for the tour 789 00:33:46,089 --> 00:33:41,960 oh yeah the obvious enthusiasm you have 790 00:33:47,829 --> 00:33:46,099 I don't know I can tell and if people 791 00:33:50,589 --> 00:33:47,839 want to come and visit the Exploratorium 792 00:33:52,629 --> 00:33:50,599 it's easy to find it's easy to home yeah 793 00:33:55,029 --> 00:33:52,639 you come to Texas currency downtown San 794 00:33:58,450 --> 00:33:55,039 Francisco we're open in the summer we're 795 00:34:00,729 --> 00:33:58,460 open every day nine to five and five so 796 00:34:01,820 --> 00:34:00,739 ten to five yeah and what's the the 797 00:34:06,690 --> 00:34:01,830 website 798 00:34:08,099 --> 00:34:06,700 WWWE explore Ettore Amedeo if you get 799 00:34:10,720 --> 00:34:08,109 anywhere close it'll take you to us 800 00:34:22,640 --> 00:34:10,730 thanks again you are thank you 801 00:34:29,099 --> 00:34:25,520 [Music] 802 00:34:31,079 --> 00:34:29,109 and now direct from the cafe at 803 00:34:38,399 --> 00:34:31,089 Australia's Science Channel 804 00:34:40,139 --> 00:34:38,409 it's brouhaha with Ben Lewis when you 805 00:34:41,849 --> 00:34:40,149 buy a plane ticket there's that prompt 806 00:34:44,220 --> 00:34:41,859 to offset your carbon emissions by 807 00:34:46,500 --> 00:34:44,230 planting trees you click the box add 808 00:34:49,440 --> 00:34:46,510 your two bucks and you're done punching 809 00:34:50,960 --> 00:34:49,450 is cleared right unfortunately it turns 810 00:34:53,970 --> 00:34:50,970 out that's just not good enough 811 00:34:56,010 --> 00:34:53,980 according to new calculations if we keep 812 00:34:58,530 --> 00:34:56,020 steadily burning fossil fuels but later 813 00:35:00,359 --> 00:34:58,540 on get buyer's remorse it would take so 814 00:35:02,609 --> 00:35:00,369 many trees to keep climate change below 815 00:35:05,040 --> 00:35:02,619 two degrees Celsius they'll wipe out 816 00:35:07,560 --> 00:35:05,050 most natural ecosystems and wouldn't 817 00:35:09,180 --> 00:35:07,570 leave enough room for food crops it's 818 00:35:11,550 --> 00:35:09,190 about time that someone did the maths 819 00:35:13,440 --> 00:35:11,560 and worked out how much space all those 820 00:35:16,200 --> 00:35:13,450 plants would need just to offset our 821 00:35:17,849 --> 00:35:16,210 emissions even if we reduce our carbon 822 00:35:19,829 --> 00:35:17,859 emissions in line with the Paris 823 00:35:21,720 --> 00:35:19,839 agreement the calculations show that 824 00:35:23,910 --> 00:35:21,730 planting enough trees to offset this 825 00:35:26,760 --> 00:35:23,920 carbon would take over a quarter of our 826 00:35:29,670 --> 00:35:26,770 food crops the conclusion is a pretty 827 00:35:31,230 --> 00:35:29,680 obvious one we need to use every tool in 828 00:35:35,730 --> 00:35:31,240 our Arsenal to reduce the effects of 829 00:35:46,520 --> 00:35:38,760 for more brouhaha and australian science 830 00:35:51,990 --> 00:35:49,770 it never ends a friend starts talking 831 00:35:53,580 --> 00:35:52,000 about his new Reiki Master and someone 832 00:35:56,310 --> 00:35:53,590 else just posted about another 833 00:35:58,800 --> 00:35:56,320 all-natural cancer cure that they don't 834 00:36:01,020 --> 00:35:58,810 want you to know about a sceptics we 835 00:36:03,180 --> 00:36:01,030 dedicate a lot of time trying to protect 836 00:36:05,370 --> 00:36:03,190 those around us but there's a way that 837 00:36:07,980 --> 00:36:05,380 you can reach millions guerrilla 838 00:36:09,870 --> 00:36:07,990 skepticism on Wikipedia is a group that 839 00:36:12,300 --> 00:36:09,880 is working to keep the best skeptical 840 00:36:15,390 --> 00:36:12,310 information at everyone's fingertips in 841 00:36:18,090 --> 00:36:15,400 all languages join us training is 842 00:36:20,880 --> 00:36:18,100 self-paced and fun and we have our very 843 00:36:23,340 --> 00:36:20,890 own super secret Facebook group you will 844 00:36:27,620 --> 00:36:23,350 be educating the world in your sleep to 845 00:36:31,710 --> 00:36:27,630 find out more email us at GS o w team at 846 00:36:36,440 --> 00:36:31,720 gmail.com guerrilla skepticism the time 847 00:36:48,660 --> 00:36:36,450 is now music by bensound.com 848 00:36:54,809 --> 00:36:52,559 I'm in the backyard of the house of dr. 849 00:36:57,750 --> 00:36:54,819 eugenie Scott here in Berkeley 850 00:37:08,180 --> 00:36:57,760 California where I'm delighted to see 851 00:37:12,420 --> 00:37:08,190 that there are 1 1 2 active beehives and 852 00:37:15,029 --> 00:37:12,430 today Jeanie and I are going to liberate 853 00:37:17,789 --> 00:37:15,039 some of the delicious honey from the bee 854 00:37:19,440 --> 00:37:17,799 hives and I thought it might make an 855 00:37:22,410 --> 00:37:19,450 interesting and different report for the 856 00:37:24,299 --> 00:37:22,420 skeptic zone and we can chat about some 857 00:37:27,029 --> 00:37:24,309 science along the way it's a bright 858 00:37:28,710 --> 00:37:27,039 sunny day it's the summer solstice and 859 00:37:31,890 --> 00:37:28,720 what a great day it is for collecting 860 00:37:34,799 --> 00:37:31,900 honey Eugenie Scott what is that you've 861 00:37:37,349 --> 00:37:34,809 got there that is a box of empty frames 862 00:37:40,289 --> 00:37:37,359 just in case when we get into the hive 863 00:37:42,029 --> 00:37:40,299 we discover that that there's just tons 864 00:37:45,660 --> 00:37:42,039 and tons and tons of honey and that the 865 00:37:47,789 --> 00:37:45,670 bees need more room to expand we can 866 00:37:50,099 --> 00:37:47,799 just pop it on and I've got two 867 00:37:52,140 --> 00:37:50,109 different kinds of frames in here one is 868 00:37:54,839 --> 00:37:52,150 an open frame and the other is a frame 869 00:37:59,609 --> 00:37:54,849 that has I guess you could call it 870 00:38:01,920 --> 00:37:59,619 prefab comb yeah this is a it's called 871 00:38:04,009 --> 00:38:01,930 Foundation and you can see that it's 872 00:38:08,490 --> 00:38:04,019 consists of these little kind of 873 00:38:11,160 --> 00:38:08,500 hexagonal prints again shape B honeycomb 874 00:38:13,829 --> 00:38:11,170 and it's but it's not a full drawn out 875 00:38:18,269 --> 00:38:13,839 comb but the bees will use this little 876 00:38:21,539 --> 00:38:18,279 wax template to form new comb and it'll 877 00:38:23,910 --> 00:38:21,549 be very regular the open one the open 878 00:38:26,670 --> 00:38:23,920 frame doesn't have any comb any 879 00:38:28,799 --> 00:38:26,680 foundation in it and what I'm doing is 880 00:38:31,200 --> 00:38:28,809 I'm alternating yeah when you have an 881 00:38:34,950 --> 00:38:31,210 open frame you give them the freedom to 882 00:38:37,829 --> 00:38:34,960 build a larger or a smaller cell if they 883 00:38:39,839 --> 00:38:37,839 want to and drone cells for example are 884 00:38:41,789 --> 00:38:39,849 larger than the cells that are used for 885 00:38:44,670 --> 00:38:41,799 regular workers so I'm just giving them 886 00:38:47,249 --> 00:38:44,680 some AMA okay so that's in front of us 887 00:38:48,870 --> 00:38:47,259 now and we're going to be what's the 888 00:38:51,720 --> 00:38:48,880 what do you call it do you call it 889 00:38:53,130 --> 00:38:51,730 harvesting the honey yeah it's hard it's 890 00:38:55,559 --> 00:38:53,140 a type of harvester yes 891 00:38:58,739 --> 00:38:55,569 so this hive over here 892 00:39:01,259 --> 00:38:58,749 to the right with the blue lid now 893 00:39:03,449 --> 00:39:01,269 yesterday we put a special layer in 894 00:39:05,579 --> 00:39:03,459 there so the bees would would leave a 895 00:39:08,430 --> 00:39:05,589 certain section and it's sort of like a 896 00:39:09,870 --> 00:39:08,440 one-way part for them what we wanted 897 00:39:13,739 --> 00:39:09,880 what we're going to do is we're going to 898 00:39:15,870 --> 00:39:13,749 look at the top box which is full of I 899 00:39:17,549 --> 00:39:15,880 suspect it's full of honey once we get 900 00:39:19,859 --> 00:39:17,559 in there we'll get a better idea but I'm 901 00:39:22,019 --> 00:39:19,869 pretty suspicious that it's got lots and 902 00:39:24,329 --> 00:39:22,029 lots of honey this is my chance to take 903 00:39:27,630 --> 00:39:24,339 a little bit and the bees will still 904 00:39:29,999 --> 00:39:27,640 have time between now and the fall 905 00:39:31,709 --> 00:39:30,009 winter when things slow down and they're 906 00:39:33,239 --> 00:39:31,719 going to need to you know there is not 907 00:39:35,130 --> 00:39:33,249 going to be as much nectar and pollen 908 00:39:36,930 --> 00:39:35,140 around they'll still have time to build 909 00:39:41,459 --> 00:39:36,940 up their stock so this is my chance to 910 00:39:44,509 --> 00:39:41,469 grab a little for me and yesterday we 911 00:39:48,269 --> 00:39:44,519 put a little device in between that top 912 00:39:52,380 --> 00:39:48,279 box and the lower boxes because we 913 00:39:55,140 --> 00:39:52,390 wanted to get all of the bees off of the 914 00:39:57,989 --> 00:39:55,150 frames in that top box it makes it a 915 00:40:00,689 --> 00:39:57,999 whole lot easier for us to harvest the 916 00:40:02,699 --> 00:40:00,699 honey if the frames aren't full of bees 917 00:40:04,469 --> 00:40:02,709 because that doesn't work as well so 918 00:40:05,999 --> 00:40:04,479 they're all in the bottom section now 919 00:40:07,620 --> 00:40:06,009 busily making honey and doing what they 920 00:40:09,359 --> 00:40:07,630 do and they're lying you to know 921 00:40:11,910 --> 00:40:09,369 hopefully since it's the middle of the 922 00:40:14,130 --> 00:40:11,920 afternoon on a warm and sunny day the 923 00:40:16,109 --> 00:40:14,140 majority of them will be out foraging so 924 00:40:17,219 --> 00:40:16,119 that when we start fooling around with 925 00:40:19,529 --> 00:40:17,229 the hive we're not going to be 926 00:40:21,719 --> 00:40:19,539 disturbing to many of them I think 927 00:40:24,599 --> 00:40:21,729 something that is a real surprise to 928 00:40:30,209 --> 00:40:24,609 people is how short the lifespan of a 929 00:40:32,579 --> 00:40:30,219 bee is a bee spends about 21 days round 930 00:40:36,599 --> 00:40:32,589 numbers developing from an end from an 931 00:40:40,319 --> 00:40:36,609 egg to a hatch eat they hatch in about 932 00:40:42,449 --> 00:40:40,329 21 days spends roughly 2 to 3 weeks to 933 00:40:44,969 --> 00:40:42,459 three weeks right and they progress in 934 00:40:47,640 --> 00:40:44,979 the rest of their and then one day a 935 00:40:51,209 --> 00:40:47,650 month and a half is spent out foraging 936 00:40:53,969 --> 00:40:51,219 for pollen and nectar and trying not to 937 00:40:55,920 --> 00:40:53,979 get picked off by birds and trying not 938 00:40:59,849 --> 00:40:55,930 to have other things happen to 939 00:41:02,099 --> 00:40:59,859 themselves but what happens is they 940 00:41:04,380 --> 00:41:02,109 basically just work themselves to death 941 00:41:06,620 --> 00:41:04,390 if they don't get predated upon by some 942 00:41:08,250 --> 00:41:06,630 birds or some other predator that's the 943 00:41:10,800 --> 00:41:08,260 existence yeah 944 00:41:12,720 --> 00:41:10,810 yeah you'll see older bees coming back 945 00:41:15,810 --> 00:41:12,730 and their wings will be kind of tattered 946 00:41:18,000 --> 00:41:15,820 and heavy yeah it's kind of yeah you did 947 00:41:21,120 --> 00:41:18,010 you try not to anthropomorphize because 948 00:41:22,590 --> 00:41:21,130 there's probably a hive like the one 949 00:41:26,460 --> 00:41:22,600 we're going to go into now that'll have 950 00:41:28,650 --> 00:41:26,470 probably 40 to 50,000 bees in it most of 951 00:41:30,300 --> 00:41:28,660 whom are not going to be home right now 952 00:41:34,470 --> 00:41:30,310 we hope we hope that they're out flying 953 00:41:36,240 --> 00:41:34,480 around but so a lot of you can edit off 954 00:41:38,010 --> 00:41:36,250 it control whatever look at them all 955 00:41:40,230 --> 00:41:38,020 coming in and going on coming in and 956 00:41:42,780 --> 00:41:40,240 going out it's it's constant yeah it is 957 00:41:45,030 --> 00:41:42,790 yeah we're both dressed in in our long 958 00:41:47,700 --> 00:41:45,040 trousers and long shirts with the 959 00:41:50,820 --> 00:41:47,710 sleeves done up and you're just about to 960 00:41:52,620 --> 00:41:50,830 put on your classic beekeeper hat yes 961 00:41:54,990 --> 00:41:52,630 would you like the yellow one or the 962 00:41:56,670 --> 00:41:55,000 white one oh it doesn't matter I do you 963 00:41:58,440 --> 00:41:56,680 can have that we can have the white one 964 00:42:00,780 --> 00:41:58,450 you can doesn't matter a whole lot 965 00:42:03,180 --> 00:42:00,790 no the nice thing goes over the head and 966 00:42:07,260 --> 00:42:03,190 nice thing about beekeeping with someone 967 00:42:08,760 --> 00:42:07,270 to help like you is that we can kind of 968 00:42:13,110 --> 00:42:08,770 keep an eye on each other's equipment 969 00:42:19,470 --> 00:42:13,120 and if I see a bee that's sort of nosing 970 00:42:22,590 --> 00:42:19,480 around the bottom of your hood then I 971 00:42:24,450 --> 00:42:22,600 can you know gently push it away or and 972 00:42:26,520 --> 00:42:24,460 discourage in some way and you keep an 973 00:42:29,280 --> 00:42:26,530 eye out for me as well whether the hat 974 00:42:31,110 --> 00:42:29,290 of course I'll get mine it's it's the 975 00:42:34,320 --> 00:42:31,120 Hat and it's the classic netting that 976 00:42:37,050 --> 00:42:34,330 comes down over the neck area does 977 00:42:38,400 --> 00:42:37,060 indeed if you hold that and I will now 978 00:42:40,470 --> 00:42:38,410 stick mine down and that's the front 979 00:42:42,540 --> 00:42:40,480 isn't it so I slip that on over my oops 980 00:42:43,980 --> 00:42:42,550 did like that shot for that for the 981 00:42:46,680 --> 00:42:43,990 clothesline you go to the quote an old 982 00:42:49,230 --> 00:42:46,690 fashioned around here we hang up it was 983 00:42:51,540 --> 00:42:49,240 on a day like this I'll cut my color is 984 00:42:53,940 --> 00:42:51,550 up so I can touch the knit I'll put the 985 00:42:55,620 --> 00:42:53,950 net back on my shirt and this these 986 00:42:57,900 --> 00:42:55,630 ropes come down this string comes down 987 00:43:00,210 --> 00:42:57,910 goes around my just put it around your 988 00:43:02,820 --> 00:43:00,220 waist yeah just to kind of hold you your 989 00:43:05,610 --> 00:43:02,830 your shirt is is fitted so it's probably 990 00:43:07,410 --> 00:43:05,620 not going to be what I do that is to 991 00:43:12,060 --> 00:43:07,420 kind of discourage any of these little 992 00:43:14,670 --> 00:43:12,070 guys from hmm so I'm I'm covered head to 993 00:43:16,380 --> 00:43:14,680 foot except except for our hands our 994 00:43:18,420 --> 00:43:16,390 hands are not covered about to be 995 00:43:22,530 --> 00:43:18,430 covered about to be covered 996 00:43:26,819 --> 00:43:22,540 our gloves and I got these special Thank 997 00:43:29,250 --> 00:43:26,829 You long gloves the gloves go up to your 998 00:43:32,120 --> 00:43:29,260 elbow or even longer you're getting on 999 00:43:35,970 --> 00:43:32,130 your social radius and on the length on 1000 00:43:37,410 --> 00:43:35,980 this glove now and here we go courtesy 1001 00:43:41,400 --> 00:43:37,420 of my neighbor who is kind enough to 1002 00:43:45,359 --> 00:43:41,410 have a material large men's gloves and 1003 00:43:49,799 --> 00:43:45,369 the next one so I really am now covered 1004 00:43:53,210 --> 00:43:49,809 head to foot and I'm putting my beef 1005 00:43:55,980 --> 00:43:53,220 just flexing the glove there that's it 1006 00:43:57,359 --> 00:43:55,990 these gloves are I feel quite safe now 1007 00:44:01,589 --> 00:43:57,369 what we're going to do is we're going to 1008 00:44:05,339 --> 00:44:01,599 take the box of the topmost box the box 1009 00:44:08,010 --> 00:44:05,349 of honey yep and we're going to take 1010 00:44:11,089 --> 00:44:08,020 away that little separator that we put 1011 00:44:14,609 --> 00:44:11,099 in last night and then we're going to 1012 00:44:16,710 --> 00:44:14,619 cover up the hive so are you ready to do 1013 00:44:19,040 --> 00:44:16,720 your strongman axe okay so the lid comes 1014 00:44:25,110 --> 00:44:22,830 okay just set it down gently and of 1015 00:44:27,240 --> 00:44:25,120 course it is really urgently 1016 00:44:29,130 --> 00:44:27,250 it's full of bees and honey so you 1017 00:44:33,870 --> 00:44:29,140 shouldn't take them rising out one of 1018 00:44:36,270 --> 00:44:33,880 the trays here okay that one is doesn't 1019 00:44:37,890 --> 00:44:36,280 doesn't hey it's not very it's not a lot 1020 00:44:40,560 --> 00:44:37,900 of capped honey in that too 1021 00:44:43,980 --> 00:44:40,570 so let me take a look here this one is a 1022 00:44:47,610 --> 00:44:43,990 little bitter now out comes this tray 1023 00:44:49,500 --> 00:44:47,620 very slowly okay pick it up now we can 1024 00:44:51,390 --> 00:44:49,510 introduce a lot of heat this is a lotta 1025 00:44:51,780 --> 00:44:51,400 honey that's a lot of honey hold on 1026 00:44:54,180 --> 00:44:51,790 honey 1027 00:44:56,280 --> 00:44:54,190 yeah now the one right next to it though 1028 00:44:59,790 --> 00:44:56,290 it doesn't have very much I'm going to 1029 00:45:03,360 --> 00:44:59,800 set this I'm going to set this just 1030 00:45:05,490 --> 00:45:03,370 vertically here no why is that open then 1031 00:45:07,020 --> 00:45:05,500 they're not as many bees as I hear but 1032 00:45:09,090 --> 00:45:07,030 yeah I'm quite a lot still more than I 1033 00:45:09,900 --> 00:45:09,100 would have predicted hand me that bowl 1034 00:45:16,080 --> 00:45:09,910 yep 1035 00:45:17,610 --> 00:45:16,090 and hold my hive tool today this is real 1036 00:45:22,680 --> 00:45:17,620 Aussie this is an absolutely gorgeous 1037 00:45:24,420 --> 00:45:22,690 piece of of here we go look at this 1038 00:45:26,280 --> 00:45:24,430 frame here Richard let's have a look at 1039 00:45:29,550 --> 00:45:26,290 this isn't this gorgeous gorgeous frame 1040 00:45:31,830 --> 00:45:29,560 look at that now that is that 1041 00:45:33,870 --> 00:45:31,840 magnificent look at the shape yeah this 1042 00:45:36,870 --> 00:45:33,880 one is a real this one is a real keeper 1043 00:45:38,940 --> 00:45:36,880 and again look not an overly crowded 1044 00:45:43,620 --> 00:45:38,950 well it's more than more than I'd like 1045 00:45:46,140 --> 00:45:43,630 to see this one is much less much less 1046 00:45:49,110 --> 00:45:46,150 full but then again they tend to fill up 1047 00:45:51,450 --> 00:45:49,120 the ones in the middle this is still 1048 00:45:53,160 --> 00:45:51,460 this is this is God open this see 1049 00:45:54,840 --> 00:45:53,170 there's liquid in each of those yeah 1050 00:45:57,150 --> 00:45:54,850 and they haven't put the caps on yet 1051 00:45:59,070 --> 00:45:57,160 look at the top of the frame you can see 1052 00:46:00,990 --> 00:45:59,080 the kind of waxy like things that's kept 1053 00:46:03,960 --> 00:46:01,000 right that's what they'll that's what 1054 00:46:06,960 --> 00:46:03,970 you're seeing in the ones that are down 1055 00:46:07,830 --> 00:46:06,970 below so so just inspecting frame by 1056 00:46:10,650 --> 00:46:07,840 frame of the moat 1057 00:46:12,960 --> 00:46:10,660 yeah I'm going to take a look and when I 1058 00:46:16,680 --> 00:46:12,970 just move these guys over here come on 1059 00:46:19,920 --> 00:46:16,690 girls and this one is also very full of 1060 00:46:21,990 --> 00:46:19,930 honey looks very nice so I'm not feeling 1061 00:46:23,790 --> 00:46:22,000 too bad about leaving these girls 1062 00:46:26,460 --> 00:46:23,800 without enough to eat so they go to 1063 00:46:28,650 --> 00:46:26,470 upset at the moon they have to very full 1064 00:46:31,550 --> 00:46:28,660 no I'm going being very gentle here they 1065 00:46:36,050 --> 00:46:31,560 have two very full 1066 00:46:39,140 --> 00:46:36,060 capped honey and one two three yeah I I 1067 00:46:41,930 --> 00:46:39,150 don't feel bad about taking the two full 1068 00:46:43,610 --> 00:46:41,940 frames no even guys enough so this piece 1069 00:46:45,920 --> 00:46:43,620 of I'll just take that upstairs with us 1070 00:46:47,600 --> 00:46:45,930 in Luke's Fanta yeah you can it you can 1071 00:46:50,660 --> 00:46:47,610 eat it why don't you just set it with 1072 00:46:55,310 --> 00:46:50,670 the other one and what we're going to do 1073 00:47:00,620 --> 00:46:55,320 is we'll take this off don't animal this 1074 00:47:03,290 --> 00:47:00,630 one off yeah and absolutely just chock 1075 00:47:05,060 --> 00:47:03,300 full of beans B's and what we're going 1076 00:47:06,770 --> 00:47:05,070 to do 100gb is there see they're all 1077 00:47:09,260 --> 00:47:06,780 trying to get up to the upper frame yeah 1078 00:47:14,630 --> 00:47:09,270 and so we'll just set that there for the 1079 00:47:17,630 --> 00:47:14,640 moment position of the - at this point V 1080 00:47:21,290 --> 00:47:17,640 central I really want to put what's 1081 00:47:24,740 --> 00:47:21,300 called a queen excluder which we took 1082 00:47:29,300 --> 00:47:24,750 off the green excluder is going on now 1083 00:47:31,160 --> 00:47:29,310 which is like like a wireframe sort of 1084 00:47:34,700 --> 00:47:31,170 thing but it's big enough for the 1085 00:47:37,160 --> 00:47:34,710 workers to to wiggle through yes they 1086 00:47:39,440 --> 00:47:37,170 can remodel yeah but the Queen does not 1087 00:47:43,460 --> 00:47:39,450 go through the Queen excluder the reason 1088 00:47:46,310 --> 00:47:43,470 you do that is that that is why that box 1089 00:47:47,450 --> 00:47:46,320 that we just looked at is so chock full 1090 00:47:54,890 --> 00:47:47,460 of honey 1091 00:47:56,900 --> 00:47:54,900 and brood which is not as good now we're 1092 00:47:58,940 --> 00:47:56,910 not really being worked to worried the 1093 00:48:00,440 --> 00:47:58,950 bees aren't that upset what we're doing 1094 00:48:03,170 --> 00:48:00,450 no they're not and I didn't smoke them 1095 00:48:08,150 --> 00:48:03,180 remember so the reason why you smoke by 1096 00:48:11,150 --> 00:48:08,160 the way is because when bees do get 1097 00:48:14,030 --> 00:48:11,160 alarmed they start sending out alarm 1098 00:48:16,580 --> 00:48:14,040 pheromones and the smoke basically kind 1099 00:48:18,530 --> 00:48:16,590 of confuses them for a while they might 1100 00:48:20,990 --> 00:48:18,540 feel like putting out an alarm pheromone 1101 00:48:23,180 --> 00:48:21,000 but then they smell the smoke and that 1102 00:48:25,610 --> 00:48:23,190 kind of so they don't really notice that 1103 00:48:29,170 --> 00:48:25,620 their sisters are putting out warnings 1104 00:48:34,930 --> 00:48:29,180 okay although not exactly 1105 00:48:43,109 --> 00:48:34,940 whoa all right so I'll let these guys go 1106 00:48:49,859 --> 00:48:45,479 so this is hard for me to do because I'm 1107 00:48:52,950 --> 00:48:49,869 not really tall enough for up for how 1108 00:48:54,209 --> 00:48:52,960 give me my five - oh you want to scrape 1109 00:48:55,680 --> 00:48:54,219 off some of this pro kleh now I just 1110 00:48:58,579 --> 00:48:55,690 leave those guys alone we'll just let 1111 00:49:03,839 --> 00:48:58,589 them now notice that there is a B that's 1112 00:49:05,519 --> 00:49:03,849 buzzing around my my veil and you 1113 00:49:07,529 --> 00:49:05,529 probably have some that are kind of one 1114 00:49:10,440 --> 00:49:07,539 on your hand I know that Sam yeah yeah 1115 00:49:13,380 --> 00:49:10,450 but uh particularly they're kind of 1116 00:49:16,499 --> 00:49:13,390 coming up to challenge my look it look 1117 00:49:17,969 --> 00:49:16,509 me in the face so just yeah yeah oh yes 1118 00:49:21,180 --> 00:49:17,979 I'm noticing in the other yeah but 1119 00:49:21,569 --> 00:49:21,190 you're back I'm like no I can feel my 1120 00:49:25,680 --> 00:49:21,579 legs 1121 00:49:28,049 --> 00:49:25,690 okay let's put this up yep okay so 1122 00:49:30,390 --> 00:49:28,059 they're listed okay right now here take 1123 00:49:32,819 --> 00:49:30,400 a look at this guy here girl here you 1124 00:49:35,219 --> 00:49:32,829 notice that she's she's elevating her 1125 00:49:37,709 --> 00:49:35,229 abdomen and just flapping her wings like 1126 00:49:40,799 --> 00:49:37,719 crazy she is sending out an alarm 1127 00:49:43,769 --> 00:49:40,809 pheromone huh so this is a good time 1128 00:49:48,239 --> 00:49:43,779 since we haven't smoked to just bid our 1129 00:49:56,759 --> 00:49:48,249 little friends goodbye close them up let 1130 00:49:59,910 --> 00:49:56,769 them figure out the way home there we go 1131 00:50:02,759 --> 00:49:59,920 Luke going back on now this is the 1132 00:50:04,680 --> 00:50:02,769 telescoping lid as they're called you do 1133 00:50:08,210 --> 00:50:04,690 end up killing a few bees in this 1134 00:50:15,260 --> 00:50:08,220 activity here I'm sorry to say 1135 00:50:17,599 --> 00:50:15,270 don't like to kill bees but ya know I 1136 00:50:20,359 --> 00:50:17,609 can say they live that one they live a 1137 00:50:23,030 --> 00:50:20,369 very short life so we'll put these guys 1138 00:50:24,380 --> 00:50:23,040 over here oh yeah they'll figure and 1139 00:50:26,359 --> 00:50:24,390 they will figure out where to go from 1140 00:50:28,160 --> 00:50:26,369 there real let's see I think this is 1141 00:50:31,660 --> 00:50:28,170 probably going to be steady enough good 1142 00:50:34,940 --> 00:50:31,670 all right let's take let's take these uh 1143 00:50:36,730 --> 00:50:34,950 want to take that like the hype tool and 1144 00:50:39,200 --> 00:50:36,740 you take the two bowls 1145 00:50:42,069 --> 00:50:39,210 I'll bring I actually give me the big 1146 00:50:44,690 --> 00:50:42,079 bowl because once I shake off these bees 1147 00:50:46,520 --> 00:50:44,700 I'm going to want to have something to 1148 00:50:51,500 --> 00:50:46,530 put this is one of the trays we removed 1149 00:50:53,930 --> 00:50:51,510 earlier just whacking it out to shake 1150 00:50:56,510 --> 00:50:53,940 the bees loose we're going to take this 1151 00:50:58,280 --> 00:50:56,520 into the house as soon as we can buy 1152 00:50:58,760 --> 00:50:58,290 these everybody so you kind of hold that 1153 00:51:02,030 --> 00:50:58,770 there 1154 00:51:04,000 --> 00:51:02,040 yep now help you once a yep shake off 1155 00:51:06,170 --> 00:51:04,010 these bees oh it's a beautiful comb 1156 00:51:13,309 --> 00:51:06,180 we'll take some pictures when we get 1157 00:51:15,620 --> 00:51:13,319 inside alright let's go in and the 1158 00:51:19,280 --> 00:51:15,630 sooner the better because we are being 1159 00:51:22,339 --> 00:51:19,290 followed we are being followed by some 1160 00:51:26,359 --> 00:51:22,349 bees and the quicker we do this the 1161 00:51:30,349 --> 00:51:26,369 fewer bees will get inside the house can 1162 00:51:33,020 --> 00:51:30,359 you open the door yeah we're good I 1163 00:51:37,550 --> 00:51:33,030 don't think I'm bringing any bees in let 1164 00:51:40,280 --> 00:51:37,560 me start little okay and we'll take 1165 00:51:47,640 --> 00:51:40,290 these upstairs then we can get out of 1166 00:51:58,410 --> 00:51:52,289 so this device we've retrieved now a 1167 00:52:01,870 --> 00:51:58,420 large metal cylinder and it's called a 1168 00:52:05,170 --> 00:52:01,880 honey extract honey extractor we've got 1169 00:52:07,390 --> 00:52:05,180 the two frames now from the hive which 1170 00:52:09,880 --> 00:52:07,400 we collected a little earlier now 1171 00:52:12,339 --> 00:52:09,890 Jeannie is just using a device now to 1172 00:52:14,679 --> 00:52:12,349 break open all the little cells 1173 00:52:20,109 --> 00:52:14,689 it looks like the device that I'm using 1174 00:52:22,390 --> 00:52:20,119 is a honeycomb d capper and it sort of 1175 00:52:24,789 --> 00:52:22,400 looks like the most uncomfortable comb 1176 00:52:26,920 --> 00:52:24,799 in the world it's a bunch of little 1177 00:52:30,039 --> 00:52:26,930 metal teeth that are close together but 1178 00:52:34,449 --> 00:52:30,049 it works like a real champ to break open 1179 00:52:36,519 --> 00:52:34,459 the caps of the capped honey so we take 1180 00:52:39,009 --> 00:52:36,529 a little shot here and just honey 1181 00:52:41,109 --> 00:52:39,019 streaming down at the moment so hold 1182 00:52:58,920 --> 00:52:41,119 that one I all that and the first one 1183 00:53:04,120 --> 00:53:02,200 see how that goes now I think there's 1184 00:53:05,500 --> 00:53:04,130 more to spend from this side but since 1185 00:53:07,780 --> 00:53:05,510 I'm in the mood for turning them around 1186 00:53:20,780 --> 00:53:07,790 I'll do that we'll spin the other side 1187 00:53:25,530 --> 00:53:23,450 all right now we've been spinning our 1188 00:53:30,330 --> 00:53:25,540 trays yep 1189 00:53:31,740 --> 00:53:30,340 we centrifuge the frames and got pretty 1190 00:53:34,410 --> 00:53:31,750 much all the honey out I mean I think 1191 00:53:36,030 --> 00:53:34,420 it's you take a there's there's a 1192 00:53:39,210 --> 00:53:36,040 there's a little bit of honey left but 1193 00:53:42,600 --> 00:53:39,220 it's not worth obsessing about I always 1194 00:53:46,320 --> 00:53:42,610 really try to preserve as much comb as 1195 00:53:48,180 --> 00:53:46,330 possible because it takes this is hard 1196 00:53:52,470 --> 00:53:48,190 to believe but it takes several pounds 1197 00:53:54,330 --> 00:53:52,480 of honey to produce a comb like this so 1198 00:53:58,740 --> 00:53:54,340 you know these are expensive in terms of 1199 00:54:01,500 --> 00:53:58,750 be time and effort and calories and so 1200 00:54:03,060 --> 00:54:01,510 the more you can preserve comb through 1201 00:54:05,280 --> 00:54:03,070 for your bees the better off your bees 1202 00:54:08,970 --> 00:54:05,290 are they don't have to invest as much 1203 00:54:11,670 --> 00:54:08,980 energy in building comb they can in this 1204 00:54:13,470 --> 00:54:11,680 situation then this one's sort of yeah 1205 00:54:15,810 --> 00:54:13,480 this had a structural failure this one 1206 00:54:19,460 --> 00:54:15,820 kind of got trashed yeah and it is also 1207 00:54:21,900 --> 00:54:19,470 looking into looking into this yeah 1208 00:54:25,170 --> 00:54:21,910 cylinder again let me look down the 1209 00:54:27,540 --> 00:54:25,180 bottom oh yeah I can see all the honey 1210 00:54:29,370 --> 00:54:27,550 and the colour and some of the Condit 1211 00:54:31,140 --> 00:54:29,380 which has been spun off is down the 1212 00:54:32,790 --> 00:54:31,150 bottom there so we're going to let that 1213 00:54:40,380 --> 00:54:32,800 drain off the walls for a little while 1214 00:54:46,839 --> 00:54:43,539 it's much later on in the day now in 1215 00:54:50,349 --> 00:54:46,849 fact after dinner time and the honey has 1216 00:54:54,099 --> 00:54:50,359 had a chance to soak out of the 1217 00:54:56,490 --> 00:54:54,109 extractor descend through the sieve 1218 00:54:59,559 --> 00:54:56,500 so the sieve is collected all the 1219 00:55:01,450 --> 00:54:59,569 leftover honeycomb you can take a munch 1220 00:55:03,009 --> 00:55:01,460 it's okay it's pretty tasty that's 1221 00:55:05,259 --> 00:55:03,019 pretty tasty well then be hard for you 1222 00:55:08,079 --> 00:55:05,269 to talk so it would I better not so 1223 00:55:11,920 --> 00:55:08,089 Jeanie is now just going to unscrew the 1224 00:55:14,950 --> 00:55:11,930 oh there it goes opening up the spigot 1225 00:55:19,269 --> 00:55:14,960 at the bottom of this tub and out pours 1226 00:55:21,910 --> 00:55:19,279 the strained honey and out pours the 1227 00:55:24,759 --> 00:55:21,920 honey and out pours the honey yes well 1228 00:55:26,950 --> 00:55:24,769 it's taking its time this this is the 1229 00:55:28,870 --> 00:55:26,960 watch watching paint dry kind of credit 1230 00:55:30,789 --> 00:55:28,880 yeah yeah it's not coming out quickly 1231 00:55:31,539 --> 00:55:30,799 it's not very fast is it I wonder I 1232 00:55:34,000 --> 00:55:31,549 can't imagine 1233 00:55:35,769 --> 00:55:34,010 well it's I'm looking inside the top now 1234 00:55:38,620 --> 00:55:35,779 and it's slowing it's coming out it's 1235 00:55:41,079 --> 00:55:38,630 moving it's just it's it's an Essex it's 1236 00:55:43,539 --> 00:55:41,089 yes yes and you're filling up your first 1237 00:55:45,009 --> 00:55:43,549 job well not your first job ever but for 1238 00:55:52,180 --> 00:55:45,019 this Mass Effect yes 1239 00:55:56,079 --> 00:55:52,190 yeah why not hmm really glue we're just 1240 00:56:00,400 --> 00:55:56,089 um munching some of the honeycomb we've 1241 00:56:07,680 --> 00:56:00,410 left in the sieve mm-hmm and of course 1242 00:56:12,779 --> 00:56:09,900 it's the next morning now and we're 1243 00:56:15,839 --> 00:56:12,789 around the table and I'm looking at a 1244 00:56:16,500 --> 00:56:15,849 glorious batch of cookies out fresh out 1245 00:56:19,710 --> 00:56:16,510 of the oven 1246 00:56:21,690 --> 00:56:19,720 you know biscuits yeah it's going to be 1247 00:56:23,549 --> 00:56:21,700 yeah you can transfer gets something I 1248 00:56:25,380 --> 00:56:23,559 think the listeners can contract this 1249 00:56:26,880 --> 00:56:25,390 biscuits so that okay we're sitting down 1250 00:56:29,039 --> 00:56:26,890 in front of a pile of cookies there's 1251 00:56:32,779 --> 00:56:29,049 nothing like that no that's right and a 1252 00:56:35,640 --> 00:56:32,789 jar of the very honey we just harvested 1253 00:56:37,829 --> 00:56:35,650 yesterday our time is matter-of-fact and 1254 00:56:40,309 --> 00:56:37,839 we're about to give it the rigorous 1255 00:56:42,809 --> 00:56:40,319 scientific test that's right 1256 00:56:47,099 --> 00:56:42,819 double-blind I must say but never I know 1257 00:56:51,900 --> 00:56:47,109 this is a I is wide open so and now I'm 1258 00:56:54,299 --> 00:56:51,910 going to put a spoon of honey and each 1259 00:56:58,440 --> 00:56:54,309 side honey's being drizzle the leaves I 1260 00:57:01,579 --> 00:56:58,450 know it's nice it's night it's gotten 1261 00:57:05,549 --> 00:57:01,589 let's say I think it's it got a good 1262 00:57:09,960 --> 00:57:05,559 texture to it it's a little thin but 1263 00:57:13,620 --> 00:57:09,970 there you go and just kind of move a 1264 00:57:17,220 --> 00:57:13,630 dude so we'll get your own by side here 1265 00:57:21,990 --> 00:57:17,230 we go you know the taste and look for me 1266 00:57:23,970 --> 00:57:22,000 oh that would be okay yes no mmm you 1267 00:57:26,910 --> 00:57:23,980 should pick that up you should pick that 1268 00:57:31,420 --> 00:57:26,920 up and taste you know I'm the guinea pig 1269 00:57:42,110 --> 00:57:36,940 hmm what a classic honey tasted is too 1270 00:57:44,570 --> 00:57:42,120 and then is like the scum absolutely 1271 00:57:47,470 --> 00:57:44,580 delicious I think this the science test 1272 00:57:50,000 --> 00:57:47,480 is possible with flying colors 1273 00:57:53,000 --> 00:57:50,010 science bats last think of it that way 1274 00:57:54,950 --> 00:57:53,010 we science always wins and we have 1275 00:57:57,050 --> 00:57:54,960 performed the proper we haven't had a 1276 00:57:58,850 --> 00:57:57,060 control we didn't have a control 1277 00:58:03,200 --> 00:57:58,860 I guess the control would be you have to 1278 00:58:05,060 --> 00:58:03,210 eat the next biscuit without honey but 1279 00:58:07,520 --> 00:58:05,070 yes thank you so much for all your help 1280 00:58:10,310 --> 00:58:07,530 yesterday I could not have done it 1281 00:58:12,080 --> 00:58:10,320 nearly as efficiently and quickly 1282 00:58:12,650 --> 00:58:12,090 without your help and I sure appreciate 1283 00:58:20,300 --> 00:58:12,660 it 1284 00:58:22,160 --> 00:58:20,310 better of a two people job that lifting 1285 00:58:24,350 --> 00:58:22,170 up the hives and replacing things and 1286 00:58:26,960 --> 00:58:24,360 and all the rest of it but in the 1287 00:58:31,380 --> 00:58:26,970 meantime I think I will enjoy the rest 1288 00:58:35,980 --> 00:58:33,790 tune in next week for part two of this 1289 00:58:37,810 --> 00:58:35,990 story with Eugenie Scott where she 1290 00:58:40,870 --> 00:58:37,820 discusses some of the science behind 1291 00:58:43,930 --> 00:58:40,880 beekeeping and some of the very real 1292 00:58:53,600 --> 00:58:43,940 problems faced by beekeepers including 1293 00:58:53,610 --> 00:59:03,840 [Music] 1294 00:59:08,980 --> 00:59:06,070 thank you for listening to the skeptic 1295 00:59:10,900 --> 00:59:08,990 zone of different episode this week I do 1296 00:59:13,570 --> 00:59:10,910 like doing those field reports and what 1297 00:59:15,730 --> 00:59:13,580 a pleasure it was to spend time with the 1298 00:59:19,470 --> 00:59:15,740 Eugenie Scott and Paul Doherty at the 1299 00:59:22,060 --> 00:59:19,480 Exploratorium as the as I hope you 1300 00:59:23,200 --> 00:59:22,070 gathered by listening to those reports I 1301 00:59:25,000 --> 00:59:23,210 had a wonderful time 1302 00:59:27,190 --> 00:59:25,010 I was certainly getting my head together 1303 00:59:29,560 --> 00:59:27,200 with jet lag and just getting over the 1304 00:59:31,510 --> 00:59:29,570 the infection in the cough and all the 1305 00:59:34,180 --> 00:59:31,520 rest of it but nevertheless what a 1306 00:59:38,890 --> 00:59:34,190 wonderful couple of days I've had so far 1307 00:59:41,080 --> 00:59:38,900 and pretty soon I'll be getting getting 1308 00:59:44,740 --> 00:59:41,090 down to San Francisco Airport to catch a 1309 00:59:47,650 --> 00:59:44,750 red-eye / - let me see Dulles then 1310 00:59:51,010 --> 00:59:47,660 change up to New Jersey then I catch a 1311 00:59:53,410 --> 00:59:51,020 series of transports and Airport Express 1312 00:59:55,660 --> 00:59:53,420 and then I catch a metro line or 1313 00:59:57,820 --> 00:59:55,670 something up to Connecticut wow that's 1314 00:59:59,140 --> 00:59:57,830 going to be an adventure - and finally 1315 01:00:01,180 --> 00:59:59,150 I'm going to end up of course back in 1316 01:00:03,490 --> 01:00:01,190 New York for the Northeast Conference of 1317 01:00:04,720 --> 01:00:03,500 science and skepticism certainly looking 1318 01:00:06,100 --> 01:00:04,730 forward to that and I'll be running 1319 01:00:09,760 --> 01:00:06,110 around trying to get you as many 1320 01:00:12,490 --> 01:00:09,770 interviews and behind-the-scenes maybe 1321 01:00:14,500 --> 01:00:12,500 as I can thank you to those people who 1322 01:00:18,850 --> 01:00:14,510 continue to support the skeptic zone in 1323 01:00:20,290 --> 01:00:18,860 fact the roving roving raving microphone 1324 01:00:23,050 --> 01:00:20,300 I'm using at the moment which is an 1325 01:00:25,270 --> 01:00:23,060 attachment to my iPhone was paid for 1326 01:00:27,490 --> 01:00:25,280 through the generous support of skeptic 1327 01:00:30,370 --> 01:00:27,500 zone listeners and it's this microphone 1328 01:00:33,010 --> 01:00:30,380 it's a zoom microphone which I for those 1329 01:00:35,710 --> 01:00:33,020 who want to know iq5 which I used to 1330 01:00:37,390 --> 01:00:35,720 interview Paul and Eugenie Scott this 1331 01:00:39,700 --> 01:00:37,400 week so I'm pretty impressed by the 1332 01:00:41,770 --> 01:00:39,710 quality and this is not your a paid 1333 01:00:44,200 --> 01:00:41,780 endorsement for zoom microphones but I 1334 01:00:47,110 --> 01:00:44,210 do like to use them a big shout out to 1335 01:00:48,700 --> 01:00:47,120 Maynard still there in Australia I mean 1336 01:00:51,940 --> 01:00:48,710 hello to all my reporters around the 1337 01:00:54,010 --> 01:00:51,950 world especially in Australia in fact I 1338 01:00:55,540 --> 01:00:54,020 know our reporter Heidi has been very 1339 01:00:58,570 --> 01:00:55,550 busy she went to the starstuff 1340 01:01:00,280 --> 01:00:58,580 conference in Byron Bay attended by dr. 1341 01:01:01,870 --> 01:01:00,290 Karl in fact she I think she gave dr. 1342 01:01:04,150 --> 01:01:01,880 Carol a lift in her car that's pretty 1343 01:01:05,860 --> 01:01:04,160 cool anyway she says some interviews are 1344 01:01:08,260 --> 01:01:05,870 on the way so I'm looking forward to 1345 01:01:12,760 --> 01:01:08,270 hearing those and then bringing those to 1346 01:01:14,299 --> 01:01:12,770 you very soon but for this week from the 1347 01:01:21,339 --> 01:01:14,309 San Francisco Bay 1348 01:01:27,559 --> 01:01:23,749 you've been listening to the skeptic 1349 01:01:30,469 --> 01:01:27,569 zone podcast visit our website at WWF 1350 01:01:34,370 --> 01:01:30,479 tech zone TV for contacts an archive of 1351 01:01:37,039 --> 01:01:34,380 all episodes since 2008 and our online 1352 01:01:39,759 --> 01:01:37,049 store please support the skeptic zone by 1353 01:01:42,769 --> 01:01:39,769 following us on Twitter at skeptic zone 1354 01:01:45,799 --> 01:01:42,779 liking us on Facebook and leaving a 1355 01:01:48,679 --> 01:01:45,809 review on iTunes you can also show your 1356 01:01:52,160 --> 01:01:48,689 support by subscribing via PayPal for as 1357 01:01:54,499 --> 01:01:52,170 little as 99 cents a week the skeptic 1358 01:01:56,299 --> 01:01:54,509 zone is an independent production the 1359 01:01:58,429 --> 01:01:56,309 views and opinions expressed on the 1360 01:02:00,999 --> 01:01:58,439 skeptic zone and not necessarily those